Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada.
Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada.
Biomacromolecules. 2023 Nov 13;24(11):4511-4531. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00387. Epub 2023 Aug 28.
Cardiovascular tissue constructs provide unique design requirements due to their functional responses to substrate mechanical properties and cyclic stretching behavior of cardiac tissue that requires the use of durable elastic materials. Given the diversity of polyester synthesis approaches, an opportunity exists to develop a new class of biocompatible, elastic, and immunomodulatory cardiovascular polymers. Furthermore, elastomeric polyester materials have the capability to provide tailored biomechanical synergy with native tissue and hence reduce inflammatory response and better support tissue maturation . In this review, we highlight underlying chemistry and design strategies of polyester elastomers optimized for cardiac tissue scaffolds. The major advantages of these materials such as their tunable elasticity, desirable biodegradation, and potential for incorporation of bioactive compounds are further expanded. Unique fabrication methods using polyester materials such as micromolding, 3D stamping, electrospinning, laser ablation, and 3D printing are discussed. Moreover, applications of these biomaterials in cardiovascular organ-on-a-chip devices and patches are analyzed. Finally, we outline unaddressed challenges in the field that need further study to enable the impactful translation of soft polyesters to clinical applications.
心血管组织构建物因其对基质力学性能的功能响应以及需要使用耐用弹性材料的心脏组织的循环拉伸行为而具有独特的设计要求。鉴于聚酯合成方法的多样性，存在开发新型生物相容、弹性和免疫调节心血管聚合物的机会。此外，弹性聚酯材料具有与天然组织提供定制生物力学协同作用的能力，从而减少炎症反应并更好地支持组织成熟。在这篇综述中，我们强调了针对心脏组织支架优化的聚酯弹性体的基础化学和设计策略。进一步扩展了这些材料的主要优点，如可调节的弹性、理想的可生物降解性以及掺入生物活性化合物的潜力。讨论了使用聚酯材料的独特制造方法，如微成型、3D 冲压、静电纺丝、激光烧蚀和 3D 打印。此外，还分析了这些生物材料在心血管器官芯片设备和贴片中的应用。最后，我们概述了该领域中需要进一步研究的未解决挑战，以使软聚酯具有影响力的转化为临床应用。
