Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, CEpiA Team, F-94010 Creteil, France.
Faculty of Health, Univ Paris Est Creteil, F-94010 Creteil, France.
Occup Ther Int. 2023 Aug 21;2023:3979298. doi: 10.1155/2023/3979298. eCollection 2023.
The primary objective was to describe the occupations people engaged in more frequently during lockdown than before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic as a function of generation. The secondary objectives were to (i) describe the levels of importance, performance, and satisfaction for these occupations and (ii) identify factors affecting the levels of importance, performance, and satisfaction.
We conducted an online, cross-sectional survey of young adults (YAs, aged 18-39), middle-aged adults (MAs, aged 40-59), and older adults (OAs, aged 60 or over).
2534 participants (YAs: 47%, MAs: 33%, and OAs: 20%) cited 4500 occupations. The occupations in which people most engaged were leisure occupations (67%), followed by productive occupations (31%) and then self-care (2%) occupations. YAs gave a median (interquartile range) importance score of 8 (6; 9) to leisure, 8 (7; 10) to productivity, and 8 (7; 10) to self-care. MAs gave a median importance score of 8 (6; 10) to leisure, 8 (7; 10) to productivity, and 8 (7; 10) to self-care. OAs gave a median importance score of 8 (7; 10) to leisure, 8 (7; 9) to productivity, and 9 (8; 10) to self-care. In a pre-/postlockdown comparison, the changes in performance scores among YAs were +5 (3; 6) for leisure, +4 (2; 5) for productivity, and +4 (3; 6) for self-care. Among MAs, these changes were, respectively, +4 (3; 6), +3 (2; 5), and +4.5 (3; 6). Among OAs, these changes were, respectively, +3 (1; 5) for leisure, +3 (2; 5) for productivity, and +2 (0; 4) for self-care. The changes in satisfaction scores among YAs were +3 (0; 5) for leisure, +3 (0; 5) for productivity, and +3 (1; 6) for self-care. Among MAs, these changes were, respectively, +3 (0; 5), +2 (0; 4), and +5 (0; 6). Among OAs, these changes were, respectively, +2 (0; 4), +2 (0; 4), and +2 (0; 4).
Lockdown led to stronger engagements in quiet leisure and alternative forms of socialization. Occupational therapists may have a role in helping community-dwelling people to balance and structure their new daily routine.
本研究的主要目的是描述在新冠疫情期间，与疫情前相比，不同代际人群更常从事的职业。次要目的是：（i）描述这些职业的重要性、绩效和满意度水平；（ii）确定影响重要性、绩效和满意度水平的因素。
我们对年轻人（YAs，18-39 岁）、中年人（MAs，40-59 岁）和老年人（OAs，60 岁及以上）进行了一项在线横断面调查。
共有 2534 名参与者（YAs：47%，MAs：33%，OAs：20%）列出了 4500 种职业。人们从事最多的职业是休闲职业（67%），其次是生产性职业（31%）和自我照顾职业（2%）。YAs 对休闲的重要性评分为 8（6；9），对生产力的重要性评分为 8（7；10），对自我照顾的重要性评分为 8（7；10）。MAs 对休闲的重要性评分为 8（6；10），对生产力的重要性评分为 8（7；10），对自我照顾的重要性评分为 8（7；10）。OAs 对休闲的重要性评分为 8（7；10），对生产力的重要性评分为 8（7；9），对自我照顾的重要性评分为 9（8；10）。在封锁前后的比较中，YAs 的表现评分变化为休闲+5（3；6），生产力+4（2；5），自我照顾+4（3；6）。在 MAs 中，这些变化分别为+4（3；6）、+3（2；5）和+4.5（3；6）。在 OAs 中，这些变化分别为休闲+3（1；5）、生产力+3（2；5）和自我照顾+2（0；4）。YAs 的满意度评分变化为休闲+3（0；5），生产力+3（0；5），自我照顾+3（1；6）。在 MAs 中，这些变化分别为休闲+3（0；5）、生产力+2（0；4）和满意度+5（0；6）。在 OAs 中，这些变化分别为休闲+2（0；4）、生产力+2（0；4）和自我照顾+2（0；4）。
封锁导致人们更频繁地从事安静的休闲活动和替代形式的社交活动。职业治疗师可能在帮助社区居民平衡和构建他们的日常生活方面发挥作用。
