Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney and the Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsö, Norway.
Int J Clin Pharm. 2024 Feb;46(1):70-79. doi: 10.1007/s11096-023-01631-8. Epub 2023 Aug 30.
Over the past 40 years, the tasks of pharmacists have shifted from logistic services to pharmaceutical care (PhC). Despite the increasing importance of measuring quality of care, there is no general definition of Quality Indicators (QIs) to measure PhC. Recognising this, a working group in a European association of PhC researchers, the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE), was established in 2020.
This research aimed to review existing definitions of QIs and develop a definition of QIs for PhC.
A two-step procedure was applied. Firstly, a systematic literature review was conducted to identify existing QI definitions that were summarised. Secondly, an expert panel, comprised of 17 international experts from 14 countries, participated in two surveys and a discussion using a modified Delphi technique to develop the definition of QIs for PhC.
A total of 182 QI definitions were identified from 174 articles. Of these, 63 QI definitions (35%) cited one of five references as the source. Sixteen aspects that construct QI definitions were derived from the identified definitions. As a result of the Delphi study, the panel reached an agreement on a one-sentence definition of QIs for PhC: "quality indicators for pharmaceutical care are validated measurement tools to monitor structures, processes or outcomes in the context of care provided by pharmacists".
Building upon existing definition of QIs, an international expert panel developed the PCNE definition of QIs for PhC. This definition is intended for universal use amongst researchers and healthcare providers in PhC.
在过去的 40 年中，药剂师的任务已经从物流服务转变为药学服务（PhC）。尽管越来越重视护理质量的衡量，但目前还没有用于衡量 PhC 的质量指标（QIs）的通用定义。认识到这一点，欧洲药学服务研究协会——药学服务网络欧洲（PCNE）的一个工作组于 2020 年成立。
本研究旨在回顾现有的 QI 定义，并为 PhC 开发 QI 定义。
采用两步法。首先，进行了系统的文献回顾，以确定现有的 QI 定义并进行总结。其次，一个由来自 14 个国家的 17 名国际专家组成的专家小组通过使用改良 Delphi 技术参与了两项调查和一次讨论，以制定 PhC 的 QI 定义。
从 174 篇文章中确定了 182 个 QI 定义。其中，63 个 QI 定义（35%）引用了五个参考文献中的一个作为来源。从确定的定义中得出了构建 QI 定义的 16 个方面。通过 Delphi 研究，专家组就 PhC 的 QI 定义达成了一致意见：“药学服务质量指标是验证性测量工具，用于监测药剂师提供的护理背景下的结构、过程或结果”。
在现有的 QI 定义基础上，一个国际专家小组为 PhC 制定了 PCNE 的 QI 定义。该定义旨在供 PhC 研究人员和医疗保健提供者普遍使用。
