Landscape Ecology Research Unit, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.
Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Aug 31;195(9):1125. doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-11734-4.
Poland's traditional, i.e., non-GIS, regionalization needed to be updated for landscape audit purposes. Its spatial accuracy appeared insufficient, which led to the verification and adjustment of the existing physical-geographical mesoregions using GIS and high-resolution spatial data. In Poland, provincial landscape audits are part of implementing the European Landscape Convention to Polish law order, which led to the renewal of interest in the natural spatial division of the country. To date, there is no unified division of the entire country into microregions, which in Poland are commonly perceived as the most appropriate natural spatial units for local-scale landscape analysis and management. Microregions are lower-rank spatial units than already existing mesoregions. Both are distinguished by a homogenous landscape defined within the specific area by common physical-geographical characteristics of the land. Nevertheless, each is recognized at different scales and levels of generality. This paper focuses on reviewing the current challenges of the physical-geographical regionalization of Poland. Their fundamentals were identified through a systematic literature review. It also presents all the problems encountered within implementing GIS in the microregionalization procedure, which was already used for the Greater Poland Voivodeship landscape audit. In general, all traditional methodologies related to the physical-geographical regionalization of Poland require the introduction of GIS solutions to meet the current expectations from the country's contemporary natural spatial division. The landscape contrast analysis method proved to be a promising method of GIS-based regionalization. It has the potential to become a universal solution to the existing problems with a unified physical-geographical microregionalization of Poland. However, some hard-to-overcome obstacles are related to the availability, collection, and processing of all required thematic spatial data. Nonetheless, it is highly expected to develop a universal procedure of microregionalization and distinguish low-rank units for the entire country.
波兰传统的、非 GIS 的区域化需要更新，以进行景观审计。其空间精度似乎不足，因此需要使用 GIS 和高分辨率空间数据来验证和调整现有的自然地理中区域。在波兰，省级景观审计是实施欧洲景观公约的一部分，这导致了人们对国家自然空间划分的重新关注。迄今为止，波兰还没有将整个国家统一划分为微区域，在波兰，微区域通常被认为是进行地方尺度景观分析和管理的最合适的自然空间单位。微区域是比中区域低一级的空间单位。两者的区别在于，在特定区域内，通过土地的共同自然地理特征定义了同质性景观。然而，两者在不同的尺度和概括程度上被识别。本文重点回顾了波兰自然地理区域化的当前挑战。它们的基础是通过系统的文献回顾确定的。本文还介绍了在大波兰省景观审计中已经使用的微区域化程序中实施 GIS 时遇到的所有问题。总的来说，与波兰自然地理区域化相关的所有传统方法都需要引入 GIS 解决方案，以满足当前对国家现代自然空间划分的期望。景观对比分析方法被证明是一种有前途的基于 GIS 的区域化方法。它有可能成为解决波兰统一自然地理微区域化的现有问题的通用解决方案。然而，一些难以克服的障碍与所有所需专题空间数据的可用性、收集和处理有关。尽管如此，人们还是非常希望开发一种通用的微区域化程序，并为整个国家区分低等级的单位。
