Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 31;13(1):14268. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-41198-y.
Salvia is widely used as medicine, food, and ornamental plants all over the world, with three main distribution centers, the Central and western Asia/Mediterranean (CAM), the East Aisa (EA), and the Central and South America (CASA). Along with its large number of species and world-wide distribution, Salvia is paraphyletic with multiple diversity. Chloroplast genomes (CPs) are useful tools for analyzing the phylogeny of plants at lower taxonomic levels. In this study, we reported chloroplast genomes of five species of Salvia and performed phylogenetic analysis with current available CPs of Salvia. Repeated sequence analysis and comparative analysis of Salvia CPs were also performed with representative species from different distribution centers. The results showed that the genetic characters of the CPs are related to the geographic distribution of plants. Species from CAM diverged first to form a separate group, followed by species from EA, and finally species from CASA. Larger variations of CPs were observed in species from CAM, whereas more deficient sequences and less repeated sequences in the CPs were observed in species from CASA. These results provide valuable information on the development and utilization of the worldwide genetic resources of Salvia.
迷迭香在全世界范围内被广泛用作药物、食品和观赏植物，有三个主要的分布中心，分别是中西亚/地中海（CAM）、东亚（EA）和中美洲/南美洲（CASA）。迷迭香拥有大量的物种和广泛的分布范围，因此是一个具有多种多样性的并系群。叶绿体基因组（CPs）是分析植物系统发育的有用工具，其在较低的分类水平上。在这项研究中，我们报道了 5 种迷迭香的叶绿体基因组，并对现有迷迭香 CP 进行了系统发育分析。还对来自不同分布中心的代表物种进行了叶绿体基因组的重复序列分析和比较分析。结果表明，CPs 的遗传特征与植物的地理分布有关。来自 CAM 的物种首先分化形成一个独立的群体，其次是来自 EA 的物种，最后是来自 CASA 的物种。来自 CAM 的物种的 CPs 有更大的变异，而来自 CASA 的物种的 CPs 中则存在更多的缺失序列和更少的重复序列。这些结果为开发和利用全球迷迭香遗传资源提供了有价值的信息。
