Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2023 Aug 31;23(1):639. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05006-1.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses' workload increased dramatically, and nurses faced the risk of infection and multiple ethical dilemmas. In such a situation, nurse burnout was elevated, which tended to exacerbate depression in nurses. Although previous studies have demonstrated the relationship between burnout and depression among nurses, the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Furthermore, environmental factors are also essential to a person's psychological health. Therefore, this study intended to investigate the potential mechanisms of depression caused by nurse burnout and whether burnout among frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated its effect on depression in nurses as an environmental factor.
A total of 4517 nurses were enrolled in this study. A moderated mediation model was established to investigate the relationship between burnout and positive coping styles, interpersonal relationships, and depression utilizing the SPSS PROCESS 3.3 macro. The direct effect of burnout on depression was also investigated with the moderated mediation model.
The indirect effects of positive coping styles (β = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.04) and interpersonal relationships (β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.13) were revealed. Being a frontline nurse caring for COVID-19 patients moderated the direct effect of burnout on depression (β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.16).
This study offers strong evidence for the mediating role of positive coping styles and interpersonal relationships in the relationship between nurse burnout and depression, in addition to illustrating the need for more psychological support for frontline nurses caring for COVID-19 patients.
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，护士的工作量大幅增加，护士面临感染风险和多种伦理困境。在这种情况下，护士的倦怠情绪升高，这往往会加剧护士的抑郁情绪。尽管先前的研究已经表明了护士倦怠与抑郁之间的关系，但确切的机制仍不清楚。此外，环境因素对人的心理健康也很重要。因此，本研究旨在探讨护士倦怠导致抑郁的潜在机制，以及 COVID-19 大流行期间一线护士的倦怠是否加剧了其对护士抑郁的影响，作为环境因素。
共有 4517 名护士参与了这项研究。采用 SPSS PROCESS 3.3 宏程序建立了一个调节中介模型，以探讨倦怠与积极应对方式、人际关系和抑郁之间的关系。倦怠对抑郁的直接影响也通过调节中介模型进行了研究。
揭示了积极应对方式（β=0.04，95%CI：0.03 至 0.04）和人际关系（β=0.12，95%CI：0.10 至 0.13）的间接效应。作为照顾 COVID-19 患者的一线护士，会调节倦怠对抑郁的直接影响（β=0.12，95%CI：0.08 至 0.16）。
本研究为护士倦怠与抑郁之间的关系中积极应对方式和人际关系的中介作用提供了有力证据，并说明了需要为照顾 COVID-19 患者的一线护士提供更多的心理支持。
