Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Orthopedics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India.
Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2023 Aug;23(3):387-393. doi: 10.18295/squmj.1.2023.010. Epub 2023 Aug 28.
Osteoporosis is one of the major public health problems worldwide among postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Lifestyle modification interventions along with pharmacotherapy help to revert bone loss and prevent complications.
A randomised controlled trial was conducted at Kasturba Hospital, Manipal from January 2019 to December 2021 among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. The postmenopausal women who attended the osteoporosis clinic and were within the age group of 45-65 years, could speak and understand English or Kannada and whose bone mineral density (BMD) score was between -1 and -3 were included in the study. The total sample size of the study was 120 with 60 in each of the experimental and control groups. After obtaining informed consent, a stratified block randomisation method was used to allocate the participants to intervention and control groups. The BMD was monitored by the portable ultrasound densitometer by a technician at the outpatient departments. The baseline information was collected by a structured demographic questionnaire. Intervention group participants received a lifestyle modification intervention program (LMIP) whereas the control group received standard regular care from the physician. Follow-up was done at three and six months.
The results revealed that the increase in the BMD median score among the experimental group was from -2.2 (-2.5- -1.8) to -1.5 (-1.8- -0.65) whereas in the control group, it was from -2.3 (-2.6- -1.9) to -2.0 (-2.4- -1.5). The results of the Mann Whitey U test showed a statistical significance between the intervention and control groups in the post-test after six months (U = 505.5; <0.05). Wilcoxon signed rank test showed a significant change in both the intervention and control groups from pre-test to post-test I (3 months) and post-test II (6 months; <0.001).
The lifestyle modification intervention was found to be effective in improving the bone health status of postmenopausal women. Hence it is very important to integrate it into regular therapy.
骨质疏松症是全球绝经后骨质疏松女性面临的主要公共卫生问题之一。生活方式干预结合药物治疗有助于逆转骨质流失并预防并发症。
2019 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月，在曼尼帕尔的卡斯特巴医院对患有骨质疏松症的绝经后妇女进行了一项随机对照试验。参加骨质疏松症诊所且年龄在 45-65 岁之间、能说并理解英语或卡纳达语且骨密度 (BMD) 评分在-1 到-3 之间的绝经后妇女被纳入研究。该研究的总样本量为 120 名，实验组和对照组各 60 名。在获得知情同意后，采用分层区组随机化方法将参与者分配到干预组和对照组。由技术员在门诊部门使用便携式超声密度计监测 BMD。基线信息由结构化的人口统计学问卷收集。干预组参与者接受生活方式干预计划 (LMIP)，而对照组接受医生的常规护理。在三个月和六个月时进行随访。
结果显示，实验组的 BMD 中位数评分从-2.2（-2.5 到-1.8）增加到-1.5（-1.8 到-0.65），而对照组从-2.3（-2.6 到-1.9）增加到-2.0（-2.4 到-1.5）。Mann-Whitney U 检验结果显示，六个月后（U=505.5；<0.05），干预组和对照组之间存在统计学意义。Wilcoxon 符号秩检验显示，两组从基线到三个月时的第一次随访（I 期）和六个月时的第二次随访（II 期）（<0.001）均有显著变化。
生活方式干预被发现能有效改善绝经后妇女的骨骼健康状况。因此，将其纳入常规治疗非常重要。
