Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Strasse 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany.
Neuroimmunological Section, Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Strasse 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 2;13(1):14480. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-41271-6.
Vaccines play a crucial role in preventing infections in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), although concerns have been raised about potential worsening of the underlying disease. To investigate this, we conducted a prospective, multicentre, non-randomized observational study assessing changes in disease activity, safety, and clinical tolerability of vaccination in 222 MS patients on disease-modifying drugs. The majority of patients were female (76.6%) and 89.6% had relapsing-remitting MS. The vaccines administered were primarily seasonal influenza (56.3%) or tetanus-based vaccines (33.8%). Disease activity, as measured by annualized relapse rate, decreased significantly from 0.64 the year prior to vaccination to 0.38 in the following year. Moreover, the extended disability status scale remained stable within six months after vaccination in comparison to pre-vaccination values. Side effects were reported in 19.2% of vaccinated subjects, most commonly local side effects (65.2%) or flu-like symptoms (34.8%). Our findings suggest that standard non-live vaccines are safe and well-tolerated in MS patients and do not negatively impact disease activity.
疫苗在预防多发性硬化症（MS）患者感染方面发挥着重要作用，尽管人们对潜在的疾病恶化表示担忧。为了研究这一点，我们进行了一项前瞻性、多中心、非随机观察性研究，评估了 222 名接受疾病修正药物治疗的 MS 患者接种疫苗后疾病活动度、安全性和临床耐受性的变化。大多数患者为女性（76.6%），89.6%为复发缓解型 MS。接种的疫苗主要是季节性流感（56.3%）或破伤风类毒素疫苗（33.8%）。疾病活动度，以年复发率衡量，从接种前一年的 0.64 显著下降至次年的 0.38。此外，与接种前相比，扩展残疾状态量表在接种后 6 个月内保持稳定。19.2%的接种者报告有副作用，最常见的是局部副作用（65.2%）或流感样症状（34.8%）。我们的研究结果表明，标准的非活疫苗在 MS 患者中是安全且耐受良好的，不会对疾病活动度产生负面影响。
