不同植物源的无刺蜂蜂蜜通过调节肥大细胞脱颗粒发挥抗过敏潜力。

BACKGROUND: Allergy is an inflammatory disorder affecting around 20% of the global population. The adverse effects of current conventional treatments give rise to the increased popularity of using natural food products as complementary and alternative medicine against allergic diseases. Stingless bee honey, commonly known as Kelulut honey (KH) in Malaysia, has been used locally as a traditional remedy to relieve cough and asthma. This study evaluated the anti-allergic potential of KH collected from four different botanical sources on phorbol ester 12-myristate-3-acetate and calcium ionophore-activated human mast cells. METHODS: The present study examined the inhibitory effects of all collected honey on the release of selected inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-8, histamine, and β-hexosaminidase in an activated HMC. Besides that, all honey's total phenolic content (TPC) was also examined, followed by using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to identify the phytochemicals in the honey. Further examination of the identified phytochemicals on their potential interaction with selected signaling molecules in an activated mast cell was conducted using computational methods. RESULTS: The results indicated that there were significant inhibitory effects on all selected inflammatory mediators' release by KH sourced from bamboo (BH) and rubber tree (RH) at 0.5% and 1%, but not KH sourced from mango (AH) and noni (EH). BH and RH were found to have higher TPC values and were rich in their phytochemical profiles based on the LC-MS/MS results. Computational studies were employed to determine the possible molecular target of KH through molecular docking using HADDOCK and PRODIGY web servers. CONCLUSIONS: In short, the results indicated that KH possesses anti-allergic effects towards an activated HMC, possibly by targeting downstream MAPKs. However, their anti-allergic effects may vary according to their botanical sources. Nevertheless, the present study has provided insight into the potential application of stingless bee honey as a complementary and alternative medicine to treat various allergic diseases.

背景：过敏是一种影响全球约 20%人口的炎症性疾病。由于目前常规治疗的副作用，人们越来越倾向于使用天然食品作为治疗过敏疾病的补充和替代药物。无刺蜜蜂的蜂蜜，在马来西亚通常被称为芦菇蜜（KH），已被当地用作传统疗法来缓解咳嗽和哮喘。本研究评估了从四个不同植物来源采集的 KH 对佛波酯 12-肉豆蔻酸酯-3-乙酸和钙离子载体激活的人肥大细胞的抗过敏性。

方法：本研究检测了所有收集的蜂蜜对选定的炎症介质释放的抑制作用，如肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素（IL）-4、IL-6、IL-8、组胺和β-己糖胺酶在激活的 HMC 中的释放。此外，还检测了所有蜂蜜的总酚含量（TPC），然后使用液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）鉴定蜂蜜中的植物化学物质。进一步使用计算方法研究了鉴定的植物化学物质在激活的肥大细胞中对选定信号分子的潜在相互作用。

结果：结果表明，BH 和 RH 来源的 KH 在 0.5%和 1%浓度下对所有选定的炎症介质的释放均有显著的抑制作用，但 AH 和 EH 来源的 KH 则没有。BH 和 RH 被发现具有更高的 TPC 值，并且根据 LC-MS/MS 结果，它们的植物化学物质图谱丰富。通过使用 HADDOCK 和 PRODIGY 网络服务器进行分子对接的计算研究，确定了 KH 的可能分子靶标。

结论：简而言之，结果表明 KH 对激活的 HMC 具有抗过敏性，可能通过靶向下游 MAPKs 发挥作用。然而，它们的抗过敏性可能因植物来源而异。尽管如此，本研究为利用无刺蜜蜂的蜂蜜作为治疗各种过敏疾病的补充和替代药物提供了新的见解。