Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, N.Y, USA.
Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University, New York, N.Y, USA.
Lipids Health Dis. 2023 Sep 5;22(1):144. doi: 10.1186/s12944-023-01884-2.
Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is an apoB100-containing lipoprotein with high levels being positively associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Lp(a) levels are genetically determined. However, previous studies report a negative association between Lp(a) and saturated fatty acid intake. Currently, apoB100 lowering therapies are used to lower Lp(a) levels, and apheresis therapy is FDA approved for patients with extreme elevations of Lp(a). The current study analyzed the association of free-living diet components with plasma Lp(a) levels.
Dietary composition data was collected during screening visits for enrollment in previously completed lipid and lipoprotein metabolism studies at Columbia University Irving Medical Center via a standardized protocol by registered dietitians using 24 hour recalls. Data were analyzed with the Nutrition Data System for Research (Version 2018). Diet quality was calculated using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score. Fasting plasma Lp(a) levels were measured via an isoform-independent ELISA and apo(a) isoforms were measured using gel electrophoresis.
We enrolled 28 subjects [Black (n = 18); Hispanic (n = 7); White (n = 3)]. The mean age was 48.3 ± 12.5 years with 17 males. Median level of Lp(a) was 79.9 nmol/L (34.4-146.0) and it was negatively associated with absolute (grams/day) and relative (percent of total calories) intake of dietary saturated fatty acids (SFA) (R = -0.43, P = 0.02, SFA …(% CAL): R = -0.38, P = 0.04), palmitic acid intake (R = -0.38, P = 0.05), and stearic acid intake (R = -0.40, P = 0.03). Analyses of associations with HEI score when stratified based on Lp(a) levels > or ≤ 100 nmol/L revealed no significant associations with any of the constituent factors.
Using 24 hour recall, we confirm previous findings that Lp(a) levels are negatively associated with dietary saturated fatty acid intake. Additionally, Lp(a) levels are not related to diet quality, as assessed by the HEI score. The mechanisms underlying the relationship of SFA with Lp(a) require further investigation.
脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]是一种载有载脂蛋白 B100 的脂蛋白，其水平升高与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病呈正相关。Lp(a)水平是由遗传决定的。然而，先前的研究报告称 Lp(a)与饱和脂肪酸摄入呈负相关。目前，载脂蛋白 B100 降低疗法用于降低 Lp(a)水平，而血液净化疗法已获得 FDA 批准，用于治疗 Lp(a)极度升高的患者。本研究分析了自由生活饮食成分与血浆 Lp(a)水平之间的关联。
在哥伦比亚大学欧文医学中心进行的脂质和脂蛋白代谢研究的入组筛查期间，通过注册营养师使用 24 小时回顾法，按照标准化方案收集饮食成分数据。使用研究营养数据系统（版本 2018）进行数据分析。使用健康饮食指数（HEI）评分计算饮食质量。通过同工酶独立 ELISA 测量空腹血浆 Lp(a)水平，并通过凝胶电泳测量载脂蛋白(a)同工型。
我们共纳入 28 名受试者[黑人（n=18）；西班牙裔（n=7）；白人（n=3）]。平均年龄为 48.3±12.5 岁，男性 17 名。Lp(a)中位数为 79.9 nmol/L（34.4-146.0），与膳食饱和脂肪酸（SFA）的绝对（克/天）和相对（占总卡路里的百分比）摄入量呈负相关（R=-0.43，P=0.02，SFA…（%CAL）：R=-0.38，P=0.04）、棕榈酸摄入量（R=-0.38，P=0.05）和硬脂酸摄入量（R=-0.40，P=0.03）。当根据 Lp(a)水平（>或=<=100 nmol/L）分层分析与 HEI 评分的关联时，未发现与任何组成因素存在显著关联。
使用 24 小时回顾法，我们证实了先前的发现，即 Lp(a)水平与膳食饱和脂肪酸摄入呈负相关。此外，Lp(a)水平与 HEI 评分评估的饮食质量无关。SFA 与 Lp(a)之间关系的机制需要进一步研究。
