Guadalupe Grobert A, Chavez Segundo G, Arellanos Erick, Doménech Eva
Instituto de Investigación Para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, 342 Higos Urco, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru.
Instituto de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo Para el Sector Agrario y Agroindustrial de la Región Amazonas (IIDAA), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru.
Foods. 2023 Aug 29;12(17):3254. doi: 10.3390/foods12173254.
Heavy metals are chemical contaminants, toxic, potentially carcinogenic and/or mutagenic, stable, persistent and are of concern in the food chain. The risk to the consumer of the presence of inorganic arsenic (iAs), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) in five varieties (Bourbon, Típica, Catimor, Caturra and Pache) of parchment coffee from five regions (Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cusco, Huánuco and San Martín) was investigated in this study. A predictive model of the stages of coffee bean hulling, roasting and infusion was built to simulate the process. The results by region showed significant differences in which San Martín had the highest iAs, Cr and Pb values. The variety was only significant for Cr, of which Pache presented the highest concentration. The Cd and Hg values were below the detection limits. The hazard index (HI) was less than 1 for iAs, Cd, Cr and Hg and the combination of margin of exposure and the probability of exceedance (MOE-POE) for Pb indicated that an adverse health effect was not likely. The cancer risk (CR) for iAs and Pb in the 95th percentile was considered as both high and acceptable, respectively.
重金属是化学污染物，具有毒性、潜在致癌性和/或致突变性，性质稳定、持久，且在食物链中备受关注。本研究调查了来自五个地区（亚马孙、卡哈马卡、库斯科、瓦努科和圣马丁）的五个品种（波旁、铁皮卡、卡蒂姆、卡图拉和帕切）羊皮纸咖啡豆中无机砷（iAs）、镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、汞（Hg）和铅（Pb）的存在对消费者造成的风险。构建了一个咖啡豆脱壳、烘焙和冲泡阶段的预测模型来模拟该过程。按地区划分的结果显示出显著差异，其中圣马丁的iAs、Cr和Pb值最高。品种仅对Cr有显著影响，其中帕切的Cr浓度最高。Cd和Hg值低于检测限。iAs、Cd、Cr和Hg的危害指数（HI）小于1，铅的暴露边际与超标概率（MOE-POE）组合表明不太可能产生不良健康影响。第95百分位数下iAs和Pb的癌症风险（CR）分别被认为既高又可接受。
