Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Sep 3;23(17):7629. doi: 10.3390/s23177629.
Multiple sclerosis is accompanied by decreased mobility and various adaptations affecting neural structure and function. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to understand how motor cortex thickness and corticospinal excitation and inhibition contribute to turning performance in healthy controls and people with multiple sclerosis. In total, 49 participants (23 controls, 26 multiple sclerosis) were included in the final analysis of this study. All participants were instructed to complete a series of turns while wearing wireless inertial sensors. Motor cortex gray matter thickness was measured via magnetic resonance imaging. Corticospinal excitation and inhibition were assessed via transcranial magnetic stimulation and electromyography place on the tibialis anterior muscles bilaterally. People with multiple sclerosis demonstrated reduced turning performance for a variety of turning variables. Further, we observed significant cortical thinning of the motor cortex in the multiple sclerosis group. People with multiple sclerosis demonstrated no significant reductions in excitatory neurotransmission, whereas a reduction in inhibitory activity was observed. Significant correlations were primarily observed in the multiple sclerosis group, demonstrating lateralization to the left hemisphere. The results showed that both cortical thickness and inhibitory activity were associated with turning performance in people with multiple sclerosis and may indicate that people with multiple sclerosis rely on different neural resources to perform dynamic movements typically associated with fall risk.
多发性硬化症伴随着运动能力下降和各种影响神经结构和功能的适应。因此，本项目的目的是了解运动皮层厚度以及皮质脊髓兴奋性和抑制性如何有助于健康对照组和多发性硬化症患者的转弯表现。共有 49 名参与者（23 名对照组，26 名多发性硬化症）被纳入本研究的最终分析。所有参与者都被要求在佩戴无线惯性传感器的情况下完成一系列转弯。通过磁共振成像测量运动皮层灰质厚度。通过经颅磁刺激和肌电图评估皮质脊髓的兴奋性和抑制性，双侧放置在胫骨前肌上。多发性硬化症患者在各种转弯变量中表现出转弯性能下降。此外，我们观察到多发性硬化症组运动皮层的皮质变薄。多发性硬化症患者的兴奋性神经传递没有明显减少，而抑制性活动减少。主要在多发性硬化症组观察到显著相关性，表明偏向左侧半球。结果表明，皮质厚度和抑制活性均与多发性硬化症患者的转弯表现相关，这可能表明多发性硬化症患者依赖于不同的神经资源来执行通常与跌倒风险相关的动态运动。
