Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR.
Vet Pathol. 2023 Nov;60(6):888-897. doi: 10.1177/03009858231197830. Epub 2023 Sep 9.
Equine herpesvirus-5 (EHV-5) is commonly found in healthy asymptomatic horses worldwide. Although a cause-and-effect relationship has not been thoroughly determined, this virus has been associated with several disease conditions including equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis (EMPF) and 1 case of interface dermatitis. The authors searched the New York State Animal Health Diagnostic Center database for cases of equine interface dermatitis between 2007 and 2022. Ten cases were identified and scrutinized for viral inclusion bodies which were present in 5 of 10 cases. Two similar cases with interface dermatitis and viral inclusion bodies, which were not part of a retrospective search, were from the Oregon Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. The authors describe a total of 7 horses with dermatitis characterized by crusted, alopecic, non-pruritic, non-painful, irregular to annular areas over the face, most commonly the muzzle, for up to several years duration. Histologically, there was a CD3+ T lymphocyte-dominated lymphohistiocytic interface dermatitis with hydropic degeneration, apoptotic keratinocytes, and pigmentary incontinence. Keratinocytes within the upper stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum had glassy pale basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies consistent with herpesvirus. The presence of EHV-5 was confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and in situ hybridization in 7 horses and by electron microscopy in 1 horse. One horse later developed EMPF and was euthanized. EHV-5 was not detected with qPCR from 5 control horses and 5 horses with interface dermatitis without histologic evidence of viral inclusion bodies. These are the first cases of facial interface dermatitis associated with EHV-5 reported in the United States.
马疱疹病毒 5 型（EHV-5）在世界范围内的健康无症状马中普遍存在。虽然尚未彻底确定因果关系，但该病毒与多种疾病有关，包括马多结节性肺纤维化（EMPF）和 1 例界面性皮炎。作者在 2007 年至 2022 年间，在纽约州动物健康诊断中心的数据库中搜索了马的界面性皮炎病例。发现了 10 例病例，并对病毒包涵体进行了检查，其中 5 例存在病毒包涵体。来自俄勒冈兽医诊断实验室的另外 2 例具有界面性皮炎和病毒包涵体的类似病例，它们不属于回顾性搜索的一部分。作者共描述了 7 例具有皮炎特征的马匹，这些马匹的面部、最常见的是口鼻部，有结痂、脱毛、非瘙痒、非疼痛、不规则至环形区域，持续时间长达数年。组织学上，存在以 CD3+T 淋巴细胞为主的淋巴组织细胞界面性皮炎，伴有水肿变性、凋亡角质形成细胞和色素失禁。在上棘层和颗粒层的角质形成细胞中，存在玻璃状淡嗜碱性核内包涵体，符合疱疹病毒。在 7 匹马中通过定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）和原位杂交以及在 1 匹马中通过电子显微镜确认存在 EHV-5。其中 1 匹马后来发展为 EMPF 并被安乐死。在 5 匹对照马和 5 匹无组织学证据的病毒包涵体的界面性皮炎马中，未通过 qPCR 检测到 EHV-5。这些是在美国首次报告的与 EHV-5 相关的面部界面性皮炎病例。
