Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 2111198, PR China.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
J Control Release. 2023 Oct;362:728-754. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.011. Epub 2023 Sep 21.
Gout is a common inflammatory arthritis caused by persistently elevated uric acid levels. With the improvement of people's living standards, the consumption of processed food and the widespread use of drugs that induce elevated uric acid, gout rates are increasing, seriously affecting the human quality of life, and becoming a burden to health systems worldwide. Since the pathological mechanism of gout has been elucidated, there are relatively effective drug treatments in clinical practice. However, due to (bio)pharmaceutical shortcomings of these drugs, such as poor chemical stability and limited ability to target the pathophysiological pathways, traditional drug treatment strategies show low efficacy and safety. In this scenario, drug delivery systems (DDS) design that overcome these drawbacks is urgently called for. In this review, we initially describe the pathological features, the therapeutic targets, and the drugs currently in clinical use and under investigation to treat gout. We also comprehensively summarize recent research efforts utilizing lipid, polymeric and inorganic carriers to develop advanced DDS for improved gout management and therapy.
痛风是一种常见的炎症性关节炎，由尿酸水平持续升高引起。随着人们生活水平的提高，加工食品的消费增加，以及诱导尿酸升高的药物广泛应用，痛风的发病率正在上升，严重影响人类的生活质量，并成为全球卫生系统的负担。自从痛风的病理机制被阐明以来，临床实践中已有相对有效的药物治疗方法。然而，由于这些药物在（生物）制药方面存在缺陷，如化学稳定性差和靶向病理生理途径的能力有限，传统的药物治疗策略显示出疗效和安全性低的问题。在这种情况下，迫切需要设计药物传递系统（DDS）来克服这些缺点。在这篇综述中，我们首先描述了痛风的病理特征、治疗靶点以及目前用于临床治疗和研究的药物。我们还全面总结了利用脂质、聚合物和无机载体开发先进的 DDS 以改善痛风管理和治疗的最新研究进展。
