Dukelow Tim, Vassilev Philip, Lawrence Erin Grace, Jacobson Liron, Koychev Ivan, Muhammed Kinan, Kennelly Sean P
Cork University Hospital (CUH), Cork, Ireland.
Five Lives SAS, Tours, France.
Front Psychol. 2023 Aug 24;14:1101514. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1101514. eCollection 2023.
Modifiable risk factors for dementia remain prevalent in Ireland. A detailed examination of barriers to risk reduction behaviours in an Irish context has heretofore been lacking. Many existing studies examining barriers to brain health behaviours fail to examine how they might vary across different modifiable risk factors. This study undertook a detailed assessment of barriers to individual risk reduction behaviours. As existing research suggests that barriers may vary across sociodemographic factors, we sought to investigate the distribution of barriers across age, gender, educational status, and household income. The Five Lives Brain Health Ireland Survey is a cross-sectional survey that was distributed online amongst a non-patient population. The survey captured the following: (1) Sociodemographic factors; (2) Barriers to brain health behaviours; (3) Exposure to, and knowledge of, modifiable risk factors for dementia, namely diet, social interaction, exercise, hypertension, sleep, current low mood/depression, current smoking, alcohol consumption, cognitive stimulation, hearing impairment, diabetes, air pollution, and head injury; (4) Participants' perceptions regarding potential for dementia prevention, and risk reduction. Lack of motivation was the most prevalent barrier to consuming a healthy diet (64%, = 213), physical activity (77.7%, = 167), smoking cessation (68%, = 85), and moderation of alcohol intake (56.3%, = 67). Practical factors were the most prevalent barriers to addressing low mood (56.5%, = 87), air pollution (30.1%, = 58), hearing impairment (63.8%, = 44), diabetes (11.1%, = 5), and head injury (80%, = 8). Emotional factors were the most prevalent barriers to engaging in mentally stimulating activity (56.9%, = 66), social activity (54.9%, = 302), and good sleep (70.1%, = 129). Lack of knowledge was the most prevalent barrier to hypertension control (14.4%, = 29). Distribution of barriers varied across age, gender, educational status, and household income. This study investigated barriers to lifestyle change to improve brain health in an Irish sample of adults aged 50 and above. Detailed subtyping of barriers, as well as examination of differences according to age, gender, education, and income were undertaken. The heterogeneity of barriers to brain health behaviours revealed in this study highlights the necessity to tailor public health interventions to their target population, taking into account the gender, age, educational status, and income of recipients.
痴呆症的可改变风险因素在爱尔兰仍然普遍存在。迄今为止，在爱尔兰背景下对降低风险行为的障碍进行详细研究尚付阙如。许多现有的研究在考察大脑健康行为的障碍时，未能探讨这些障碍在不同的可改变风险因素之间可能存在的差异。本研究对个体降低风险行为的障碍进行了详细评估。由于现有研究表明，障碍可能因社会人口统计学因素而异，我们试图调查障碍在年龄、性别、教育程度和家庭收入方面的分布情况。“爱尔兰五生活大脑健康调查”是一项横断面调查，在非患者人群中进行在线发放。该调查涵盖了以下内容：（1）社会人口统计学因素；（2）大脑健康行为的障碍；（3）对痴呆症可改变风险因素的接触和了解，即饮食、社交互动、运动、高血压、睡眠、当前情绪低落/抑郁、当前吸烟、饮酒、认知刺激、听力障碍、糖尿病、空气污染和头部受伤；（4）参与者对痴呆症预防和风险降低可能性的看法。缺乏动力是健康饮食（64%，n = 213）、体育活动（77.7%，n = 167）、戒烟（68%，n = 85）和适度饮酒（56.3%，n = 67）方面最普遍的障碍。实际因素是应对情绪低落（56.5%，n = 87）、空气污染（30.1%，n = 58）、听力障碍（63.8%，n = 44）、糖尿病（11.1%，n = 5）和头部受伤（80%，n = 8）方面最普遍的障碍。情绪因素是参与精神刺激活动（56.9%，n = 66）、社交活动（54.9%，n = 302）和良好睡眠（70.1%，n = 129）方面最普遍的障碍。缺乏知识是高血压控制方面最普遍的障碍（14.4%，n = 29）。障碍的分布因年龄、性别、教育程度和家庭收入而异。本研究调查了爱尔兰50岁及以上成年人样本中为改善大脑健康而进行生活方式改变的障碍。对障碍进行了详细的亚型分类，并根据年龄、性别、教育程度和收入进行了差异分析。本研究中揭示的大脑健康行为障碍的异质性凸显了根据目标人群的性别、年龄、教育程度和收入来调整公共卫生干预措施的必要性。
