Gao Yali, Wang Miao, Raheem Abdul, Wang Fuchen, Wei Juntao, Xu Deliang, Song Xudong, Bao Weina, Huang Ankui, Zhang Shu, Zhang Hong
Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur Sindh 65200, Pakistan.
ACS Omega. 2023 Aug 21;8(35):31620-31631. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03050. eCollection 2023 Sep 5.
Syngas from biomass gasification can be used in downstream process industries such as city gas, hydrogen production, etc. In this review, the effects of biomass feedstock properties, and gasification reaction conditions (temperature, gasifier type, etc.) on syngas properties are systematically reviewed. In summary, the cracking and reforming of volatile fractions in the gasification process and the catalytic effect of alkali and alkaline earth metals in the ash on the gasification have a direct impact on the syngas yield. And biomass pretreatment (i.e., terrifying/hydrothermal carbonization) can reduce the moisture content, which can effectively reduce the energy required for gasification and enhance the calorific value and syngas yield further. The fixed-bed gasifiers produce lower amounts of syngas. The concentration of H is significantly increased by adding steam as a gasification agent. Additionally higher gasification temperatures produce more syngas, and an equivalence ratio of about 0.2-0.3 is considered suitable for gasification. For the influence of feedstock on syngas, this paper not only reviews the feedstock properties (volatile, ash, moisture) but also compares the influence of two pretreatments on syngas yield and proposes that the combination of torrefaction/hydrothermal carbonization and a multistage air bed gasifier is an important research direction to improve the combustible components of syngas. In addition to the summary of commonly used single gasification agents, two or more gasification agents on the concentration of syngas components are also discussed in the gasification parameters, and it is suggested that further research into the use of more than one gasification agent is also important for future syngas production.
生物质气化产生的合成气可用于下游加工行业，如城市燃气、制氢等。在本综述中，系统回顾了生物质原料特性和气化反应条件（温度、气化炉类型等）对合成气特性的影响。总之，气化过程中挥发性组分的裂解和重整以及灰分中碱金属和碱土金属对气化的催化作用直接影响合成气产率。生物质预处理（即热解/水热碳化）可降低水分含量，能有效降低气化所需能量，并进一步提高热值和合成气产率。固定床气化炉产生的合成气量较少。添加蒸汽作为气化剂可显著提高氢气浓度。此外，较高的气化温度产生更多合成气，约0.2 - 0.3的当量比被认为适合气化。对于原料对合成气的影响，本文不仅回顾了原料特性（挥发分、灰分、水分），还比较了两种预处理对合成气产率的影响，并提出热解/水热碳化与多级空气床气化炉相结合是提高合成气可燃成分的重要研究方向。除了对常用单一气化剂的总结外，还在气化参数中讨论了两种或更多气化剂对合成气组分浓度的影响，并指出进一步研究使用多种气化剂对未来合成气生产也很重要。
