Department of Biology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroun.
Exercise and Sport Physiology Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2023 Sep 11;42(1):95. doi: 10.1186/s41043-023-00415-0.
Living areas in developing countries impact seriously lifestyle by modifying energy consumption and energy expenditure. Thus, urbanization is associated with less practice of physical activity (PA), a leading cause of metabolic syndrome (MetS) which prevalence vary in African countries. The present study aimed to assess the effect of PA on MetS according to urbanization level in the littoral region, Cameroon.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in three geographical settings (urban, semi-urban, and rural) in the littoral region in Cameroon. A total of 879 participants were included (urban: 372, semi-urban: 195 and rural: 312). MetS was defined according to the International Federation of Diabetes 2009. The level of PA was assessed using the Global Physical Activity questionnaire.
Low level of PA was (P < 0.0001) reported in urban (54.5%), semi-urban (28.7%) and rural (16.9%) and high level in rural area (77.9%). The prevalence of MetS was higher in urban areas (37.2%), then rural (36.8%) and finally semi-urban (25.9%). Hyperglycemia (p = 0.0110), low HDL-c (p < 0.0001) and high triglyceridemia (p = 0.0068) were most prevalent in urban residents. Participants with low level of PA were at risk of MetS (OR: 1.751, 95% CI 1.335-2.731, p = 0.001), hyperglycemia (OR: 1.909, 95% CI 1.335-2.731, p = 0.0004) abdominal obesity(OR: 2.007, 95% CI 1.389-2.900, p = 0.0002), low HDL-c (OR: 1.539, 95% CI 1.088-2.179, p = 0.014) and those with moderate level of PA were protected against high blood pressure(OR: 0.452, 95% CI 0.298-0.686, p = 0.0002) and compared to those with high level of PA. Urban dwellers were at the risk of MetS compared to rural residents (OR: 1.708, 95% CI. 1.277-2.285, p = 0.003) and protected against high blood pressure (OR:0.314, 95% CI 0.212-0.466, p < 0.0001), abdominal obesity (OR: 0.570, 95% CI 0.409-0.794, p = 0.0009), and low HDL-c (OR: 0.725, 95% CI 0.534-0.983, p = 0.038) compared to rural residents.
MetS was more prevalent in urban dwellers and was associated with a low level of PA.
发展中国家的居住环境通过改变能量消耗和能量支出严重影响生活方式。因此，城市化与体力活动（PA）减少有关，体力活动是代谢综合征（MetS）的主要原因，而代谢综合征在非洲国家的流行情况各不相同。本研究旨在评估在喀麦隆沿海地区根据城市化水平进行 PA 对 MetS 的影响。
在喀麦隆沿海地区进行了一项横断面研究，分为三个地理环境（城市、半城市和农村）。共纳入 879 名参与者（城市：372 名，半城市：195 名，农村：312 名）。根据国际糖尿病联合会 2009 年的标准定义 MetS。使用全球体力活动问卷评估 PA 水平。
城市（54.5%）、半城市（28.7%）和农村（16.9%）地区报告低水平 PA，而农村地区高水平 PA（77.9%）。城市地区（37.2%）的 MetS 患病率最高，其次是农村地区（36.8%），最后是半城市地区（25.9%）。城市居民中血糖升高（p=0.0110）、低 HDL-c（p<0.0001）和高甘油三酯血症（p=0.0068）最为普遍。低水平 PA 的参与者有患 MetS 的风险（OR：1.751，95%CI 1.335-2.731，p=0.001）、血糖升高（OR：1.909，95%CI 1.335-2.731，p=0.0004）、腹部肥胖（OR：2.007，95%CI 1.389-2.900，p=0.0002）、低 HDL-c（OR：1.539，95%CI 1.088-2.179，p=0.014），而中等水平 PA 的参与者则可预防高血压（OR：0.452，95%CI 0.298-0.686，p=0.0002）。与高水平 PA 相比，农村居民的 MetS 患病率也较低（OR：1.708，95%CI. 1.277-2.285，p=0.003），高血压（OR：0.314，95%CI 0.212-0.466，p<0.0001）、腹部肥胖（OR：0.570，95%CI 0.409-0.794，p=0.0009）和低 HDL-c（OR：0.725，95%CI 0.534-0.983，p=0.038）的风险较低。
城市居民 MetS 患病率较高，与低水平 PA 有关。
