GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
Nutrients. 2022 May 30;14(11):2302. doi: 10.3390/nu14112302.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of medical conditions associated with several health disorders. MetS and frailty can be related to prolonged physical deconditioning. There is a need to know whether there is concordance between the different ways of diagnosing it and to know their prevalence in Spanish older adults. Thus, the aims of this study were to describe the prevalence of MetS; to analyse the concordance between different definitions to diagnose MetS; and to study the associations between MetS, frailty status, and physical activity (PA) in older adults with decreased functional capacity. This report is a cross-sectional study involving 110 Spanish older adults of ages ≥65 years with decreased functional capacity. Clinical criteria to diagnose MetS was defined by different expert groups. Anthropometric measurements, blood biochemical analysis, frailty status, functional capacity, and PA were assessed. The Kappa statistic was used to determine the agreement between the five MetS definitions used. Student's -test and the Pearson chi-square test were used to examine differences between sex, frailty, and PA groups. The sex-adjusted prevalence of MetS assessed by the National Cholesterol Education Program-Third Adult Treatment Panel was 39.4% in men and 32.5% in women. The International Diabetes Federation and the Harmonized definitions had the best agreement (k = 1.000). The highest odds ratios (ORs) of cardiometabolic risk factors to develop MetS were elevated triglycerides (37.5) and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (27.3). Central obesity and hypertension prevalence were significantly higher in the non-active group (70.7% and 26.8%, respectively), compared to the active group (50.0% and 7.7%, respectively). Moreover, the active group (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.35, 2.04) and active women group (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.27, 2.20) appeared to show a lower risk of developing this syndrome. MetS is highly prevalent in this sample and changes according to the definition used. It seems that sex and frailty do not influence the development of MetS. However, PA appears to decrease central obesity, hypertension, and the risk of developing MetS.
代谢综合征（MetS）是一组与多种健康障碍相关的医学病症。MetS 和虚弱可能与长期的身体适应不良有关。需要知道不同的诊断方法之间是否存在一致性，并了解其在西班牙老年人中的流行程度。因此，本研究的目的是描述 MetS 的患病率；分析不同定义诊断 MetS 的一致性；并研究代谢综合征、虚弱状态和身体活动（PA）与功能能力下降的老年人之间的关系。本报告是一项横断面研究，涉及 110 名年龄≥65 岁且功能能力下降的西班牙老年人。临床标准来诊断 MetS 由不同的专家组定义。进行了人体测量测量、血液生化分析、虚弱状态、功能能力和 PA 评估。Kappa 统计用于确定使用的五种 MetS 定义之间的一致性。使用 Student's -test 和 Pearson 卡方检验检查性别、虚弱和 PA 组之间的差异。使用 National Cholesterol Education Program-Third Adult Treatment Panel 评估的男性 MetS 的调整后患病率为 39.4%，女性为 32.5%。国际糖尿病联合会和协调定义具有最佳一致性（k = 1.000）。发展 MetS 的心血管代谢风险因素的最高比值比（OR）是升高的甘油三酯（37.5）和降低的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（27.3）。与活跃组（分别为 50.0%和 7.7%）相比，非活跃组的中心性肥胖和高血压患病率显著更高（分别为 70.7%和 26.8%）。此外，活跃组（OR = 0.85，95%CI = 0.35，2.04）和活跃女性组（OR = 0.77，95%CI = 0.27，2.20）似乎发展这种综合征的风险较低。在这个样本中，MetS 的患病率很高，并且根据使用的定义而变化。似乎性别和虚弱不会影响 MetS 的发展。然而，PA 似乎可以降低中心性肥胖、高血压和发展 MetS 的风险。
