Simon Eliza Vie, Hechanova Sherry Lou, Hernandez Jose E, Li Charng-Pei, Tülek Adnan, Ahn Eok-Keun, Jairin Jirapong, Choi Il-Ryong, Sundaram Raman M, Jena Kshirod K, Kim Sung-Ryul
Rice Breeding Innovation Department, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Laguna, Philippines.
Institute of Crop Science (ICropS), University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Sep 5;14:1247014. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1247014. eCollection 2023.
Biotic stress is one of the major threats to stable rice production. Climate change affects the shifting of pest outbreaks in time and space. Genetic improvement of biotic stress resistance in rice is a cost-effective and environment-friendly way to control diseases and pests compared to other methods such as chemical spraying. Fast deployment of the available and suitable genes/alleles in local elite varieties through marker-assisted selection (MAS) is crucial for stable high-yield rice production. In this review, we focused on consolidating all the available cloned genes/alleles conferring resistance against rice pathogens (virus, bacteria, and fungus) and insect pests, the corresponding donor materials, and the DNA markers linked to the identified genes. To date, 48 genes (independent loci) have been cloned for only major biotic stresses: seven genes for brown planthopper (BPH), 23 for blast, 13 for bacterial blight, and five for viruses. Physical locations of the 48 genes were graphically mapped on the 12 rice chromosomes so that breeders can easily find the locations of the target genes and distances among all the biotic stress resistance genes and any other target trait genes. For efficient use of the cloned genes, we collected all the publically available DNA markers (~500 markers) linked to the identified genes. In case of no available cloned genes yet for the other biotic stresses, we provided brief information such as donor germplasm, quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and the related papers. All the information described in this review can contribute to the fast genetic improvement of biotic stress resistance in rice for stable high-yield rice production.
生物胁迫是水稻稳定生产的主要威胁之一。气候变化影响病虫害爆发在时间和空间上的转移。与化学喷雾等其他方法相比，通过基因改良提高水稻对生物胁迫的抗性是一种经济高效且环境友好的病虫害防治方式。通过标记辅助选择（MAS）在当地优良品种中快速部署可用且合适的基因/等位基因对于水稻稳定高产至关重要。在本综述中，我们着重整合了所有已克隆的赋予水稻对病原体（病毒、细菌和真菌）及害虫抗性的基因/等位基因、相应的供体材料以及与已鉴定基因连锁的DNA标记。迄今为止，仅针对主要生物胁迫已克隆了48个基因（独立位点）：7个针对褐飞虱（BPH），23个针对稻瘟病，13个针对白叶枯病，5个针对病毒。这48个基因的物理位置以图形方式绘制在12条水稻染色体上，以便育种者能够轻松找到目标基因的位置以及所有生物胁迫抗性基因与任何其他目标性状基因之间的距离。为了有效利用已克隆的基因，我们收集了所有与已鉴定基因连锁的公开可用DNA标记（约500个标记）。对于其他生物胁迫尚无可用克隆基因的情况，我们提供了诸如供体种质、数量性状位点（QTL）及相关论文等简要信息。本综述中描述的所有信息都有助于快速改良水稻对生物胁迫的抗性，以实现水稻的稳定高产。
