Chen Yan-Mei, Hu Shu-Jian, Lin Xian-Dan, Tian Jun-Hua, Lv Jia-Xin, Wang Miao-Ruo, Luo Xiu-Qi, Pei Yuan-Yuan, Hu Rui-Xue, Song Zhi-Gang, Holmes Edward C, Zhang Yong-Zhen
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325002, China.
Cell. 2023 Oct 12;186(21):4662-4675.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.08.029. Epub 2023 Sep 20.
Bats, rodents, and shrews are the most important animal sources of human infectious diseases. However, the evolution and transmission of viruses among them remain largely unexplored. Through the meta-transcriptomic sequencing of internal organ and fecal samples from 2,443 wild bats, rodents, and shrews sampled from four Chinese habitats, we identified 669 viruses, including 534 novel viruses, thereby greatly expanding the mammalian virome. Our analysis revealed high levels of phylogenetic diversity, identified cross-species virus transmission events, elucidated virus origins, and identified cases of invertebrate viruses in mammalian hosts. Host order and sample size were the most important factors impacting virome composition and patterns of virus spillover. Shrews harbored a high richness of viruses, including many invertebrate-associated viruses with multi-organ distributions, whereas rodents carried viruses with a greater capacity for host jumping. These data highlight the remarkable diversity of mammalian viruses in local habitats and their ability to emerge in new hosts.
蝙蝠、啮齿动物和鼩鼱是人类传染病最重要的动物来源。然而，病毒在它们之间的进化和传播在很大程度上仍未得到探索。通过对从中国四个栖息地采集的2443只野生蝙蝠、啮齿动物和鼩鼱的内脏器官和粪便样本进行宏转录组测序，我们鉴定出669种病毒，其中包括534种新型病毒，从而极大地扩展了哺乳动物病毒组。我们的分析揭示了高度的系统发育多样性，确定了跨物种病毒传播事件，阐明了病毒起源，并在哺乳动物宿主中发现了无脊椎动物病毒的实例。宿主目和样本量是影响病毒组组成和病毒溢出模式的最重要因素。鼩鼱携带的病毒种类丰富，包括许多多器官分布且与无脊椎动物相关的病毒，而啮齿动物携带的病毒具有更强的宿主跳跃能力。这些数据突出了当地栖息地哺乳动物病毒的显著多样性及其在新宿主中出现的能力。
