Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Sci Adv. 2023 Sep 22;9(38):eadf9037. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adf9037.
The role of fatty acids (FAs) in primary prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) is highly debated, and the modification effect by genetic risk profiles remains unclear. Here, we report the prospective associations of circulating FAs and genetic predisposition with CAD development in 101,367 U.K. Biobank participants. A total of 3719 CAD cases occurred during a mean follow-up of 11.5 years. Plasma monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) were positively associated with risk of CAD, whereas the risk was significantly lower with higher n-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) and more reductions in risk were detected among TT carriers of rs174547. Furthermore, increased plasma saturated FAs (SFAs) and linoleic acid were related to a significant increase in CAD risk among participants with high genetic risk (genetic risk score > 90%). These findings suggest that individuals with high genetic risk need to reduce plasma SFAs levels for CAD prevention. Supplementation of n-3 PUFAs for CAD prevention may consider individuals' genetic makeup.
脂肪酸（FAs）在冠心病（CAD）一级预防中的作用存在很大争议，其遗传风险谱的修饰作用仍不清楚。在这里，我们报告了在英国生物银行 101367 名参与者中循环 FAs 和遗传易感性与 CAD 发展的前瞻性关联。在平均 11.5 年的随访期间共发生了 3719 例 CAD 病例。血浆单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFAs）与 CAD 风险呈正相关，而 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）水平较高与风险显著降低相关，rs174547 的 TT 携带者风险降低更为明显。此外，在遗传风险较高的参与者（遗传风险评分>90%）中，血浆饱和脂肪酸（SFAs）和亚油酸的增加与 CAD 风险的显著增加有关。这些发现表明，遗传风险较高的个体需要降低血浆 SFAs 水平以预防 CAD。对于 CAD 的预防，n-3 PUFAs 的补充可能需要考虑个体的遗传构成。
