护理 seniors 职业倦怠的原因：一项混合方法研究。
Causes of burnout in nursing seniors: A mixed methods study.
机构信息
Sakarya University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Esentepe Campus, 54187 Serdivan, Sakarya, Türkiye.
Sakarya University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Esentepe Campus, 54187 Serdivan, Sakarya, Türkiye; Sakarya University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Esentepe Campus, 54187 Serdivan, Sakarya, Türkiye.
出版信息
Nurse Educ Today. 2023 Dec;131:105979. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.105979. Epub 2023 Sep 19.
BACKGROUND
In recent years, the issue of burnout in newly graduated and student nurses has become an increasing interest of researchers. Burnout seriously affects the behavior, health, life and relationships of individuals.
OBJECTIVES
This research was conducted to investigate the causes of burnout in nursing senior students in depth.
DESIGN
This research, based on mixed method, was carried out with a sequential exploratory design.
PARTICIPANTS
The study was conducted with 148 nursing students in their last year at a university in the Marmara Region of Türkiye.
METHOD
Data were collected with Personal Information Form, The Burnout Measure Short Version (BMS) and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Form (MBI-SF) between March and April 2022. Qualitative interviews were conducted face-to-face with 16 students determined by criterion sampling method between May and June 2022. A semi-structured interview form was used to collect qualitative data. Descriptive statistics (number, percentage, mean, standard deviation) were used for the analysis of quantitative data. Thematic analysis was performed for qualitative data.
RESULTS
The mean BMS total score for the sample group was 4.50. MBI-SF sub-dimension mean scores; It is in the form of exhaustion (16.52), depersonalization (12.66) and competence (12.41). According to the scores of nursing senior students from BMS, it was determined that 22.3 % (n = 33) had burnout, 23 % (n = 34) had a serious burnout problem, and 28.4 % (n = 42) needed professional help as soon as possible. In addition, three main themes emerged as a result of the thematic analysis: (i) Effects of Burnout, (ii) Factors Affecting Burnout, (iii) Ways to Cope with Burnout.
CONCLUSION
It was determined that one of the five nursing students was in danger of burnout. The prevalence of burnout in nursing senior students was 73.7 %. Besides, it was determined that the problems experienced in the student's nursing education and professional practices, the pandemic process, financial concerns, family-related situations, not finding time for social activities, and future anxiety were the factors causing burnout.
背景
近年来，新毕业和护生的倦怠问题引起了研究者的极大兴趣。倦怠严重影响个人的行为、健康、生活和人际关系。
目的
本研究旨在深入探讨护理高年级学生倦怠的原因。
设计
本研究采用混合方法，采用顺序探索性设计进行。
参与者
研究对象为土耳其马尔马拉地区一所大学最后一年的 148 名护理学生。
方法
2022 年 3 月至 4 月，采用个人信息表、短版倦怠量表（BMS）和 Maslach 倦怠量表-学生版（MBI-SF）收集数据。2022 年 5 月至 6 月，采用标准抽样法对 16 名学生进行面对面定性访谈，收集定性数据。使用半结构式访谈表。采用描述性统计（数量、百分比、均值、标准差）对定量数据进行分析。对定性数据进行主题分析。
结果
样本组 BMS 总分平均得分为 4.50。MBI-SF 子维度平均得分；表现为疲惫（16.52）、去人性化（12.66）和能力（12.41）。根据 BMS 护理高年级学生的得分，确定 22.3%（n=33）有倦怠，23%（n=34）有严重的倦怠问题，28.4%（n=42）需要尽快寻求专业帮助。此外，主题分析产生了三个主要主题：（i）倦怠的影响，（ii）影响倦怠的因素，（iii）应对倦怠的方法。
结论
确定五名护理学生中有一名有倦怠的危险。护理高年级学生的倦怠发生率为 73.7%。此外，还确定了学生护理教育和专业实践中遇到的问题、大流行过程、财务问题、与家庭有关的情况、找不到时间参加社交活动以及对未来的焦虑等是导致倦怠的因素。
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