Martinez Andrea, Lakkimsetti Mohit, Maharjan Sameep, Aslam Muhammad Ammar, Basnyat Anouksha, Kafley Shashwat, Reddy Subrahmanya Saketh, Ahmed Saima S, Razzaq Waleed, Adusumilli Susmitha, Khawaja Uzzam Ahmed
Medical School, Universidad Autonoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan, MEX.
Internal Medicine, Mamata Medical College, Khammam, IND.
Cureus. 2023 Aug 24;15(8):e44043. doi: 10.7759/cureus.44043. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Beta-blockers are a class of medications that act on beta-adrenergic receptors and are categorized as cardio-selective and non-selective. They are principally used to treat cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension and arrhythmias. Beta-blockers have also been used to treat non-cardiogenic indications in non-pregnant individuals and the pediatric population. In pregnancy, labetalol is the mainstay treatment for hypertension and other cardiovascular indications. However, contraindications to certain sub-types of beta-blockers include bradycardia, heart failure, obstructive lung diseases, and hemodynamic instability. There is conflicting evidence of the adverse effects on fetal and neonatal health due to a scarce safety and efficacy profile, and further studies are necessary to understand the pharmacokinetics of the different classes of beta-blockers in pregnancy and fetal health. Understanding the hemodynamic changes during the stages of pregnancy is important to target a more beneficial therapy for both mother and fetus as well as better neonatal outcomes. Beta-blocker use in the pediatric population is less documented in studies but does have the potential to treat various cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic conditions. Future comprehensive studies would further benefit the direction of beta-blocker treatment during pregnancy in neonates and pediatrics.
β受体阻滞剂是一类作用于β肾上腺素能受体的药物，分为心脏选择性和非选择性两类。它们主要用于治疗心血管疾病，如高血压和心律失常。β受体阻滞剂也被用于治疗非妊娠个体和儿科人群的非心源性适应症。在妊娠期间，拉贝洛尔是治疗高血压和其他心血管适应症的主要药物。然而，某些类型的β受体阻滞剂的禁忌症包括心动过缓、心力衰竭、阻塞性肺疾病和血流动力学不稳定。由于安全性和有效性数据稀缺，关于其对胎儿和新生儿健康的不良影响存在相互矛盾的证据，因此有必要进一步研究以了解不同类别β受体阻滞剂在妊娠期间的药代动力学及其对胎儿健康的影响。了解妊娠各阶段的血流动力学变化对于为母亲和胎儿制定更有益的治疗方案以及改善新生儿结局至关重要。β受体阻滞剂在儿科人群中的使用在研究中记录较少，但确实有可能治疗各种心源性和非心源性疾病。未来的综合研究将进一步有助于指导新生儿和儿科患者妊娠期间β受体阻滞剂的治疗方向。
