Ceamanos Xavier, Coopman Quentin, George Maya, Riedi Jérôme, Parrington Mark, Clerbaux Cathy
CNRM, Météo-France, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 25;13(1):16014. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39312-1.
Biomass burning is the main source of air pollution in several regions worldwide nowadays. This predominance is expected to increase in the upcoming years as a result of the rising number of devastating wildfires due to climate change. Harmful pollutants contained in the smoke emitted by fires can alter downwind air quality both locally and remotely as a consequence of the recurrent transport of biomass burning plumes across thousands of kilometers. Here, we demonstrate how observations of carbon monoxide and aerosol optical depth retrieved from polar orbiting and geostationary meteorological satellites can be used to study the long-range transport and evolution of smoke plumes. This is illustrated through the megafire events that occurred during summer 2020 in the Western United States and the transport of the emitted smoke across the Atlantic Ocean to Europe. Analyses from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service, which combine satellite observations with an atmospheric model, are used for comparison across the region of study and along simulated air parcel trajectories. Lidar observation from spaceborne and ground-based instruments are used to verify consistency of passive observations. Results show the potential of joint satellite-model analysis to understand the emission, transport, and processing of smoke across the world.
生物质燃烧是当今全球多个地区空气污染的主要来源。由于气候变化导致毁灭性野火数量不断增加，预计在未来几年这种主导地位还会上升。火灾排放的烟雾中所含的有害污染物，会因生物质燃烧羽流数千公里的反复传输，在本地和远程改变下风方向的空气质量。在此，我们展示了如何利用从极轨和地球静止气象卫星获取的一氧化碳和气溶胶光学厚度观测数据，来研究烟雾羽流的远距离传输和演变。这通过2020年夏季在美国西部发生的特大火灾事件以及所排放烟雾跨越大西洋传输到欧洲的情况得以说明。哥白尼大气监测服务中心的分析将卫星观测与大气模型相结合，用于在整个研究区域以及沿模拟气团轨迹进行比较。利用星载和地基仪器的激光雷达观测来验证被动观测的一致性。结果显示了联合卫星 - 模型分析在了解全球烟雾排放、传输和处理方面的潜力。
