University of Aarhus, Institute of Public Health, Aarhus, Denmark
Dept of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Environmental Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Eur Respir J. 2015 Dec;46(6):1577-88. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01865-2014. Epub 2015 Sep 24.
Climate change policies have stimulated a shift towards renewable energy sources such as biomass. The economic crisis of 2008 has also increased the practice of household biomass burning as it is often cheaper than using oil, gas or electricity for heating. As a result, household biomass combustion is becoming an important source of air pollutants in the European Union.This position paper discusses the contribution of biomass combustion to pollution levels in Europe, and the emerging evidence on the adverse health effects of biomass combustion products.Epidemiological studies in the developed world have documented associations between indoor and outdoor exposure to biomass combustion products and a range of adverse health effects. A conservative estimate of the current contribution of biomass smoke to premature mortality in Europe amounts to at least 40 000 deaths per year.We conclude that emissions from current biomass combustion products negatively affect respiratory and, possibly, cardiovascular health in Europe. Biomass combustion emissions, in contrast to emissions from most other sources of air pollution, are increasing. More needs to be done to further document the health effects of biomass combustion in Europe, and to reduce emissions of harmful biomass combustion products to protect public health.
气候变化政策刺激了向生物质等可再生能源的转变。2008 年的经济危机也增加了家庭生物质燃烧的做法，因为它通常比使用石油、天然气或电力取暖更便宜。因此，家庭生物质燃烧正在成为欧盟空气污染物的一个重要来源。
本立场文件讨论了生物质燃烧对欧洲污染水平的贡献，以及生物质燃烧产物对健康的不利影响的新证据。发达国家的流行病学研究记录了室内和室外接触生物质燃烧产物与一系列不良健康影响之间的关联。保守估计，目前生物质烟雾对欧洲过早死亡的贡献至少每年造成 40000 人死亡。
我们的结论是，目前生物质燃烧产物的排放对欧洲的呼吸健康，可能还有心血管健康产生负面影响。与大多数其他空气污染来源的排放不同，生物质燃烧的排放正在增加。需要做更多的工作来进一步记录生物质燃烧对欧洲健康的影响，并减少有害生物质燃烧产物的排放，以保护公众健康。
