Jelonek Karol, Mrowiec Katarzyna, Gabryś Dorota, Widłak Piotr
Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
Metabolites. 2023 Sep 9;13(9):1000. doi: 10.3390/metabo13091000.
Response to radiotherapy (RT) includes tissue toxicity, which may involve inflammatory reactions. We aimed to compare changes in metabolic patterns induced at the systemic level by radiation and inflammation itself. Patients treated with RT due to head and neck cancer and patients with inflammation-related diseases located in the corresponding anatomical regions were selected. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched from 1 January 2000 to 10 August 2023. Twenty-five relevant studies where serum/plasma metabolic profiles were analyzed using different metabolomics approaches were identified. The studies showed different metabolic patterns of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, yet changes in metabolites linked to the urea cycle and metabolism of arginine and proline were common features of both conditions. Although the reviewed reports showed only a few specific metabolites common for early RT response and inflammatory diseases, partly due to differences in metabolomics approaches, several common metabolic pathways linked to metabolites affected by radiation and inflammation were revealed. They included pathways involved in energy metabolism (e.g., metabolism of ketone bodies, mitochondrial electron transport chain, Warburg effect, citric acid cycle, urea cycle) and metabolism of certain amino acids (Arg, Pro, Gly, Ser, Met, Ala, Glu) and lipids (glycerolipids, branched-chain fatty acids). However, metabolites common for RT and inflammation-related diseases could show opposite patterns of changes. This could be exemplified by the lysophosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylcholine ratio (LPC/PC) that increased during chronic inflammation and decreased during the early phase of response to RT. One should be aware of dynamic metabolic changes during different phases of response to radiation, which involve increased levels of LPC in later phases. Hence, metabolomics studies that would address molecular features of both types of biological responses using comparable analytical and clinical approaches are needed to unravel the complexities of these phenomena, ultimately contributing to a deeper understanding of their impact on biological systems.
放疗（RT）的反应包括组织毒性，这可能涉及炎症反应。我们旨在比较放疗和炎症本身在全身水平上诱导的代谢模式变化。选择因头颈癌接受放疗的患者以及在相应解剖区域患有炎症相关疾病的患者。检索了2000年1月1日至2023年8月10日期间的PubMed和Web of Science数据库。确定了25项使用不同代谢组学方法分析血清/血浆代谢谱的相关研究。这些研究显示了急性和慢性炎症性疾病的不同代谢模式，但与尿素循环以及精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢相关的代谢物变化是这两种情况的共同特征。尽管综述报告显示早期放疗反应和炎症性疾病仅存在少数几种共同的特定代谢物，部分原因是代谢组学方法存在差异，但仍揭示了一些与受辐射和炎症影响的代谢物相关的共同代谢途径。它们包括参与能量代谢的途径（例如酮体代谢、线粒体电子传递链、瓦伯格效应、柠檬酸循环、尿素循环）以及某些氨基酸（精氨酸、脯氨酸、甘氨酸、丝氨酸、蛋氨酸、丙氨酸、谷氨酸）和脂质（甘油脂质、支链脂肪酸）的代谢途径。然而，放疗和炎症相关疾病共有的代谢物可能表现出相反的变化模式。溶血磷脂酰胆碱与磷脂酰胆碱的比率（LPC/PC）在慢性炎症期间升高，而在放疗反应的早期阶段降低，这可以作为一个例子。人们应该意识到放疗反应不同阶段的动态代谢变化，后期阶段LPC水平会升高。因此，需要开展代谢组学研究，使用可比的分析和临床方法来研究这两种生物反应的分子特征，以阐明这些现象的复杂性，最终有助于更深入地了解它们对生物系统的影响。
