Uhawenimana Thierry Claudien, Musabwasoni Marie Grace Sandra, Nsengiyumva Richard, Mukamana Donatilla
Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
Department of Mental Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
J Med Internet Res. 2023 Sep 27;25:e46488. doi: 10.2196/46488.
Social media platforms such as YouTube can be used to educate people of reproductive age about healthy and nonrisky sexual and reproductive health (SRH) practices and behaviors. However, there is a paucity of evidence to ascertain the authenticity of sexuality and SRH content on Kinyarwanda YouTube, making it difficult to determine the extent to which these topics are covered, the characteristics of available videos, and the themes covered by these videos.
The aims of this study were (1) to determine the extent to which YouTube channels in Kinyarwanda-language videos address sexuality and SRH issues, identify the general characteristics of the available videos (type of video, when published, intention for the audience, and content focus), and the aspects of sexuality and SRH covered; and (2) to identify the themes covered by retrieved Kinyarwanda videos, and the extent to which the channels have been used to communicate issues of sexuality and SRH during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Using a content analysis approach, we searched Kinyarwanda YouTube channels to analyze videos about sexuality and SRH. The adopted framework for data collection from social media platforms builds on three key steps: (1) development, (2) application, and (3) assessment of search filters. To be included, an audio and/or visual video had to be in Kinyarwanda and the video had to be directed to the general public. Descriptive statistics (frequency and percentages) were computed to characterize the basic characteristics of retrieved channels, portrayal of the videos, and presentation of sexuality and SRH themes that emerged from retrieved videos. Further analysis involved cross-tabulations to explore associations between the focus of the channel and the date when the channel was opened and the focus of the channel and who was involved in the video.
The YouTube search retrieved 21,506 videos that tackled sexuality and SRH topics. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a 4-fold increase (from 7.2% to 30.6%) in channels that solely focused on sexually explicit content. The majority of the 1369 retrieved channels (n=1150, 84.0%) tackled the topic of sexuality, with sexually explicit content predominantly found in the majority of these videos (n=1082, 79%), and only 16% (n=287) of the videos covered SRH topics.
This is the first study to analyze the use of YouTube in communicating about sexuality and SRH in the Kinyarwanda language. This study relied on videos that appeared online. Further research should gather information about who accesses the videos, and how channel owners and individuals involved in the videos perceive the impact of their videos on the Rwandan community's sexuality and SRH.
诸如YouTube之类的社交媒体平台可用于向育龄人群传授健康且无风险的性与生殖健康（SRH）实践及行为。然而，缺乏证据来确定基尼亚卢旺达语YouTube上性与SRH内容的真实性，这使得难以确定这些主题的涵盖范围、现有视频的特征以及这些视频所涵盖的主题。
本研究的目的是（1）确定基尼亚卢旺达语视频的YouTube频道涉及性与SRH问题的程度，识别现有视频的一般特征（视频类型、发布时间、受众意图以及内容重点）以及所涵盖的性与SRH方面；（2）识别检索到的基尼亚卢旺达语视频所涵盖的主题，以及在新冠疫情期间这些频道用于传播性与SRH问题的程度。
采用内容分析法，我们搜索了基尼亚卢旺达语的YouTube频道以分析有关性与SRH的视频。从社交媒体平台收集数据所采用的框架基于三个关键步骤：（1）开发，（2）应用，以及（3）搜索过滤器的评估。要被纳入，音频和/或视频必须是基尼亚卢旺达语，且该视频必须面向公众。计算描述性统计数据（频率和百分比）以描述检索到的频道的基本特征、视频的描绘以及从检索到的视频中出现的性与SRH主题的呈现。进一步的分析涉及交叉列表以探索频道重点与频道开通日期之间以及频道重点与视频中涉及人员之间的关联。
YouTube搜索检索到21,506个涉及性与SRH主题的视频。在新冠疫情期间，仅专注于露骨色情内容的频道增加了4倍（从7.2%增至30.6%）。在检索到的1369个频道中，大多数（n = 1150，84.0%）涉及性主题，这些视频中的大多数（n = 1082，79%）主要包含露骨色情内容，只有16%（n = 287）的视频涵盖SRH主题。
这是第一项分析YouTube在以基尼亚卢旺达语传播性与SRH方面应用情况的研究。本研究依赖于在线出现的视频。进一步的研究应收集有关谁访问这些视频的信息，以及频道所有者和视频中涉及的个人如何看待他们的视频对卢旺达社区性与SRH的影响。
