Azimi Ali, Fernandez-Peñas Pablo
Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
Department of Dermatology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Sep 7;15(18):4463. doi: 10.3390/cancers15184463.
Skin cancers are common and heterogenous malignancies affecting up to two in three Australians before age 70. Despite recent developments in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies, the mortality rate and costs associated with managing patients with skin cancers remain high. The lack of well-defined clinical and histopathological features makes their diagnosis and classification difficult in some cases and the prognostication difficult in most skin cancers. Recent advancements in large-scale "omics" studies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and imaging-omics, have provided invaluable information about the molecular and visual landscape of skin cancers. On many occasions, it has refined tumor classification and has improved prognostication and therapeutic stratification, leading to improved patient outcomes. Therefore, this paper reviews the recent advancements in omics approaches and appraises their limitations and potential for better classification and stratification of skin cancers.
皮肤癌是常见的异质性恶性肿瘤，在70岁之前，多达三分之二的澳大利亚人会受到影响。尽管在诊断和治疗策略方面有了最新进展，但皮肤癌患者的死亡率和管理成本仍然很高。缺乏明确的临床和组织病理学特征使得在某些情况下难以进行诊断和分类，而在大多数皮肤癌中预后也很困难。大规模“组学”研究的最新进展，包括基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学和影像组学，为皮肤癌的分子和视觉特征提供了宝贵信息。在许多情况下，它优化了肿瘤分类，改善了预后和治疗分层，从而改善了患者的治疗效果。因此，本文综述了组学方法的最新进展，并评估了它们在皮肤癌更好分类和分层方面的局限性及潜力。
