Arczewska-Włosek Anna, Świątkiewicz Sylwester, Tomaszewska Ewa, Muszyński Siemowit, Dobrowolski Piotr, Józefiak Damian
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland.
Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Life (Basel). 2023 Sep 17;13(9):1927. doi: 10.3390/life13091927.
A total of 160 Ross 308 male chickens were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design to examine the effects of anticoccidial vaccination (ACV; lack or 1× dose recommended by the manufacturer) and dietary supplementation with (dandelion) extract (DE; with or without) on growth performance, immunity, biochemical parameters, and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens challenged with spp. At 20 days of age, all birds were challenged with a 25× dose of ACV, including , , , and . No interaction between ACV and DE was observed in terms of growth performance. Vaccinated birds showed increased feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the 11-20 day period. Meanwhile, DE supplementation led to decreased FI and body weight gain (BWG) during the 1-10 day period. ACV effectively induced immunity against , as evidenced by reduced oocyst shedding and less intestinal lesions, decreased levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6, and improved BWG during both the post infection (PI) period (21-35 days) and the entire growth period. DE supplementation lowered FCR and increased BWG during the 35-42 day period, increased the concentration of butyric acid in the cecal digesta, and lowered oocyst shedding PI. In vaccinated birds, DE elevated levels of plasma total protein and immunoglobulin M, and influenced tight junction proteins zonula occludens-1 and claudin-3, indicating a more robust epithelial barrier. DE also lowered alanine aminotransferase activity in unvaccinated birds. Both ACV and DE independently improved intestinal morphology in the jejunum, decreasing crypt depth and increasing the villus height-to-crypt ratio. These findings suggest that both ACV and DE could be effective strategies for managing coccidiosis in broiler chickens.
总共160只罗斯308雄性肉鸡用于2×2析因设计，以研究抗球虫疫苗接种（ACV；缺乏或制造商推荐的1倍剂量）和日粮添加蒲公英提取物（DE；添加或不添加）对感染球虫的肉鸡生长性能、免疫力、生化参数和肠道形态的影响。在20日龄时，所有鸡只均用25倍剂量的ACV进行攻毒，包括、、、和。在生长性能方面，未观察到ACV和DE之间的相互作用。接种疫苗的鸡在11 - 20天期间采食量（FI）和饲料转化率（FCR）增加。同时，在1 - 10天期间，添加DE导致FI和体重增加（BWG）下降。ACV有效诱导了对球虫的免疫力，表现为卵囊排出减少和肠道病变减轻、促炎白细胞介素 - 6水平降低，以及在感染后（PI）期（21 - 35天）和整个生长期间BWG改善。在35 - 42天期间，添加DE降低了FCR并增加了BWG，增加了盲肠内容物中丁酸的浓度，并降低了PI期的卵囊排出。在接种疫苗的鸡中，DE提高了血浆总蛋白和免疫球蛋白M的水平，并影响紧密连接蛋白闭合蛋白 - 1和闭合蛋白 - 3，表明上皮屏障更强。DE还降低了未接种疫苗鸡的丙氨酸转氨酶活性。ACV和DE均独立改善了空肠的肠道形态，降低了隐窝深度并增加了绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值。这些发现表明，ACV和DE都是管理肉鸡球虫病的有效策略。
