Santos Rafaela A, Cardoso Cláudia, Pedrosa Neide, Gonçalves Gabriela, Matinha-Cardoso Jorge, Coutinho Filipe, Carvalho António P, Tamagnini Paula, Oliva-Teles Aires, Oliveira Paulo, Serra Cláudia R
CIIMAR-Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
FCUP-Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, Ed. FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
Microorganisms. 2023 Aug 31;11(9):2205. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11092205.
Disease outbreaks are a common problem in aquaculture, with serious economic consequences to the sector. Some of the most important bacterial diseases affecting aquaculture are caused by Gram-negative bacteria including spp. (vibriosis), (photobacteriosis), spp. (furunculosis; haemorrhagic septicaemia) or (tenacibaculosis). Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are important components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and have been linked to strong immunogenic responses in terrestrial vertebrates, playing a role in disease development. To evaluate LPS effects in fish, we used a hot-phenol procedure to extract LPS from common fish pathogens. , , and purified LPS were tested at different concentrations (50, 100, 250 and 500 µg mL) at 3 days post-fertilisation (dpf) larvae, for 5 days. While LPS did not cause any mortality under all concentrations tested, LPS induced 15.5% and LPS induced 58.3% of zebrafish larvae mortality at 500 µg mL. LPS from was revealed to be the deadliest, with a zebrafish larvae mortality percentage of 80.6%. Analysis of LPS separated by gel electrophoresis revealed differences in the overall LPS structure between the bacterial species analysed that might be the basis for the different mortalities observed.
疾病暴发是水产养殖中的常见问题，会给该行业带来严重的经济后果。一些影响水产养殖的最重要的细菌性疾病是由革兰氏阴性菌引起的，包括弧菌属（弧菌病）、发光杆菌属（发光杆菌病）、气单胞菌属（疖疮病；出血性败血症）或海杆菌属（溃疡病）。脂多糖（LPS）是革兰氏阴性菌外膜的重要组成部分，在陆生脊椎动物中与强烈的免疫反应有关，在疾病发展中起作用。为了评估LPS对鱼类的影响，我们采用热酚法从常见的鱼类病原体中提取LPS。将嗜水气单胞菌、杀鲑气单胞菌、美人鱼发光杆菌和海鱼弧菌纯化的LPS在受精后3天（dpf）的斑马鱼幼体中以不同浓度（50、100、250和500μg/mL）进行测试，持续5天。虽然嗜水气单胞菌LPS在所有测试浓度下均未导致任何死亡，但杀鲑气单胞菌LPS在500μg/mL时诱导了15.5%的斑马鱼幼体死亡，美人鱼发光杆菌LPS诱导了58.3%的死亡。海鱼弧菌的LPS被证明是最致命的，斑马鱼幼体死亡率为80.6%。通过凝胶电泳分离的LPS分析显示，所分析的细菌物种之间的整体LPS结构存在差异，这可能是观察到不同死亡率的基础。
