Zhao Xiangcheng, Xie Nuli, Zhang Hailong, Zhou Wenhu, Ding Jinsong
Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410006, China.
Changsha Jingyi Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410006, China.
Pharmaceutics. 2023 Aug 27;15(9):2214. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092214.
Cancer is one of the major diseases that endanger human health. However, the use of anticancer drugs is accompanied by a series of side effects. Suitable drug delivery systems can reduce the toxic side effects of drugs and enhance the bioavailability of drugs, among which targeted drug delivery systems are the main development direction of anticancer drug delivery systems. Bacteria is a novel drug delivery system that has shown great potential in cancer therapy because of its tumor-targeting, oncolytic, and immunomodulatory properties. In this review, we systematically describe the reasons why bacteria are suitable carriers of anticancer drugs and the mechanisms by which these advantages arise. Secondly, we outline strategies on how to load drugs onto bacterial carriers. These drug-loading strategies include surface modification and internal modification of bacteria. We focus on the drug-loading strategy because appropriate strategies play a key role in ensuring the stability of the delivery system and improving drug efficacy. Lastly, we also describe the current state of bacterial clinical trials and discuss current challenges. This review summarizes the advantages and various drug-loading strategies of bacteria for cancer therapy and will contribute to the development of bacterial drug delivery systems.
癌症是危害人类健康的主要疾病之一。然而，抗癌药物的使用伴随着一系列副作用。合适的药物递送系统可以降低药物的毒副作用并提高药物的生物利用度，其中靶向药物递送系统是抗癌药物递送系统的主要发展方向。细菌是一种新型药物递送系统，因其具有肿瘤靶向性、溶瘤性和免疫调节特性，在癌症治疗中显示出巨大潜力。在这篇综述中，我们系统地描述了细菌为何是抗癌药物的合适载体以及这些优势产生的机制。其次，我们概述了如何将药物加载到细菌载体上的策略。这些载药策略包括细菌的表面修饰和内部修饰。我们重点关注载药策略，因为合适的策略在确保递送系统的稳定性和提高药物疗效方面起着关键作用。最后，我们还描述了细菌临床试验的现状并讨论了当前面临的挑战。这篇综述总结了细菌用于癌症治疗的优势和各种载药策略，将有助于细菌药物递送系统的发展。
