Olatona Foluke A, Ogide Precious I, Abikoye Ebunoluwa T, Ilesanmi Oluwafemi T, Nnoaham Kelechi E
Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile- Ife, Nigeria.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2023 Aug;12(8):1547-1554. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1783_22. Epub 2023 Aug 29.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Adolescents in low- and middle-income countries, such as Nigeria, are at increased risk of malnutrition, especially obesity, but there is limited data describing the risk. We assessed this risk by examining the nutritional status and associated factors such as dietary habits, dietary diversity, nutritional knowledge and sociodemographic characteristics among adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria.
A descriptive cross-sectional study in which 682 adolescents were selected from their communities using a multistage sampling technique. Dietary habits were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, and dietary diversity was assessed through nonquantifiable 24-h diet recall. Anthropometric measurements were taken to determine nutritional status. Data were analyzed using Epi-Info software version 7.2.3.1. Nutritional status was evaluated using WHO AnthroPlus software. Chi-square was used to test for an association between categorical variables, and values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant.
The mean age of the adolescents was 13.6 ± 2.3 years, and only 47.4% of them had good nutritional knowledge. Dietary habits were poor and dietary diversity was low. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 13.4% and 7.0%. Eating dinner, dieting to control weight and daily consumption of foods outside the home were associated with overweight and obesity ( < 0.05).
Dietary habits and diversity of the adolescents were poor, while overweight and obesity were high. Eating dinner and daily consumption of foods outside the home were factors associated with being overweight and obesity. Our findings emphasize the critical need for adolescent nutrition programs that address weight control, especially among those who eat outside their homes.
背景/目的：在尼日利亚等低收入和中等收入国家，青少年面临营养不良风险增加，尤其是肥胖风险，但描述该风险的数据有限。我们通过检查尼日利亚拉各斯青少年的营养状况以及饮食习惯、饮食多样性、营养知识和社会人口学特征等相关因素来评估这一风险。
采用多阶段抽样技术从社区中选取682名青少年进行描述性横断面研究。使用食物频率问卷评估饮食习惯，通过不可量化的24小时饮食回顾评估饮食多样性。进行人体测量以确定营养状况。使用Epi-Info软件7.2.3.1版分析数据。使用WHO AnthroPlus软件评估营养状况。卡方检验用于检验分类变量之间的关联，P值≤0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
青少年的平均年龄为13.6±2.3岁，只有47.4%的青少年具备良好的营养知识。饮食习惯不佳，饮食多样性较低。超重和肥胖患病率分别为13.4%和7.0%。吃晚餐、节食控制体重以及每天在家庭以外就餐与超重和肥胖相关（P<0.05）。
青少年饮食习惯和饮食多样性较差，而超重和肥胖率较高。吃晚餐和每天在家庭以外就餐是与超重和肥胖相关的因素。我们的研究结果强调迫切需要开展针对体重控制的青少年营养项目，尤其是针对那些在家庭以外就餐的青少年。
