Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
J Ren Nutr. 2024 Mar;34(2):125-132. doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2023.09.002. Epub 2023 Sep 27.
A plant-based diet has both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, it is hypothesized that adherence to a plant-based diet may have a positive effect on kidney function. The study aimed to determine the association between the plant-based diet index (PDI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
This cross-sectional analysis used information from the Ravansar noncommunicable diseases cohort study, which included 9,746 participants between the ages of 35 and 65. By measuring the estimation glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with the modification of diet in the renal disease equation, CKD was determined. Using a food frequency questionnaire, the PDI was computed based on food intake. To determine odds ratios (ORs), multivariable logistic regression models were utilized.
1,058 (10.86%) participants had CKD (eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m), and the mean PDI was 54.22 ± 6.68. The mean eGFR in the group with a high PDI score was significantly higher than the group with a low PDI score (fourth quartile: 79.20 ± 0.36 vs. first quartile: 72.95 ± 0.31, P < .001). Adherence to a plant-based diet was more prevalent in those with a higher socioeconomic status (P < .001). After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds of CKD in the third and fourth quartiles of PDI were 25% (OR: 0.75; 95% confidence interval: 0.62-0.91) and 39% (OR: 0.61; 95% confidence interval: 0.48-0.78, P trend<.001) lower than the first quartile, respectively.
The findings of this study suggest that having a plant-based diet may prevent the prevalent CDK. However, further studies with a cohort design are recommended.
植物性饮食具有抗氧化和抗炎特性。因此，有人假设，坚持植物性饮食可能对肾功能有积极影响。本研究旨在确定植物性饮食指数（PDI）与慢性肾脏病（CKD）之间的关系。
这项横断面分析使用了 Ravansar 非传染性疾病队列研究的数据，该研究包括 9746 名年龄在 35 至 65 岁之间的参与者。通过用肾脏病饮食改良方程测量肾小球滤过率（eGFR）来确定 CKD。使用食物频率问卷，根据食物摄入量计算 PDI。为了确定比值比（OR），使用了多变量逻辑回归模型。
1058 名（10.86%）参与者患有 CKD（eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m），PDI 的平均值为 54.22±6.68。PDI 得分较高组的平均 eGFR 显著高于 PDI 得分较低组（第四四分位：79.20±0.36 与第一四分位：72.95±0.31，P<.001）。植物性饮食的依从性在社会经济地位较高的人群中更为普遍（P<.001）。在调整了潜在混杂因素后，PDI 第三和第四四分位的 CKD 发生几率分别降低了 25%（OR：0.75；95%置信区间：0.62-0.91）和 39%（OR：0.61；95%置信区间：0.48-0.78，P 趋势<.001），低于第一四分位。
本研究结果表明，植物性饮食可能预防常见的 CDK。但是，建议进行队列设计的进一步研究。
