Barros Mario Henrique M, Alves Paula Daniela S
Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany.
Oncovirology Laboratory, Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Front Oncol. 2023 Sep 14;13:1240359. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1240359. eCollection 2023.
EBV is a lymphotropic virus, member of the family that asymptomatically infects more than 90% of the human population, establishing a latent infection in memory B cells. EBV exhibits complex survival and persistence dynamics, replicating its genome through the proliferation of infected B cells or production of the lytic virions. Many studies have documented the infection of T/NK cells by EBV in healthy individuals during and after primary infection. This feature has been confirmed in humanized mouse models. Together these results have challenged the hypothesis that the infection of T/NK cells by EBV could be a triggering event for lymphomagenesis. Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive nodal T- and NK-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) are two EBV-associated lymphomas of T/NK cells. These two lymphomas display different clinical, histological and molecular features. However, they share two intriguing characteristics: the association with EBV and a geographical prevalence in East Asia and Latin America. In this review we will discuss the genetic characteristics of EBV in order to understand the possible role of this virus in the oncogenesis of ENKTCL and NKTCL. In addition, the main immunohistological, molecular, cytogenetic and epigenetic differences between ENKTCL and NKTCL will be discussed, as well as EBV differences in latency patterns and other viral molecular characteristics.
EBV是一种嗜淋巴细胞病毒,属于疱疹病毒科,它能无症状地感染超过90%的人类,在记忆B细胞中建立潜伏感染。EBV表现出复杂的生存和持续动态,通过受感染B细胞的增殖或裂解性病毒粒子的产生来复制其基因组。许多研究记录了在初次感染期间及之后健康个体中EBV对T/NK细胞的感染。这一特征已在人源化小鼠模型中得到证实。这些结果共同挑战了EBV感染T/NK细胞可能是淋巴瘤发生触发事件的假说。结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤(ENKTCL)和爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒(EBV)阳性的结内T和NK细胞淋巴瘤(NKTCL)是两种与EBV相关的T/NK细胞淋巴瘤。这两种淋巴瘤表现出不同的临床、组织学和分子特征。然而,它们有两个有趣的共同特征:与EBV相关以及在东亚和拉丁美洲的地域流行率。在本综述中,我们将讨论EBV的遗传特征,以了解该病毒在ENKTCL和NKTCL肿瘤发生中的可能作用。此外,还将讨论ENKTCL和NKTCL之间主要的免疫组织学、分子、细胞遗传学和表观遗传学差异,以及EBV在潜伏模式和其他病毒分子特征方面的差异。