The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037.
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Oct 10;120(41):e2312529120. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2312529120. Epub 2023 Oct 2.
For nearly 25 y, the Committee on Science, Technology, and Law (CSTL), of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, has brought together distinguished members of the science and law communities to stimulate discussions that would lead to a better understanding of the role of science in legal decisions and government policies and to a better understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks that govern the conduct of science. Under the leadership of recent CSTL co-chairs David Baltimore and David Tatel, and CSTL director Anne-Marie Mazza, the committee has overseen many interdisciplinary discussions and workshops, such as the international summits on human genome editing and the science of implicit bias, and has delivered advisory consensus reports focusing on topics of broad societal importance, such as dual use research in the life sciences, voting systems, and advances in neural science research using organoids and chimeras. One of the most influential CSTL activities concerns the use of forensic evidence by law enforcement and the courts, with emphasis on the scientific validity of forensic methods and the role of forensic testimony in bringing about justice. As coeditors of this Special Feature, CSTL alumni Tom Albright and Jennifer Mnookin have recruited articles at the intersection of science and law that reveal an emerging scientific revolution of forensic practice, which we hope will engage a broad community of scientists, legal scholars, and members of the public with interest in science-based legal policy and justice reform.
近 25 年来,美国国家科学院、工程院和医学院的科学、技术和法律委员会(CSTL)一直将杰出的科学界和法律界人士聚集在一起,以激发讨论,从而更好地理解科学在法律决策和政府政策中的作用,更好地理解规范科学行为的法律和监管框架。在最近的 CSTL 联合主席 David Baltimore 和 David Tatel 以及 CSTL 主任 Anne-Marie Mazza 的领导下,委员会监督了许多跨学科讨论和研讨会,如人类基因组编辑和隐性偏见科学的国际峰会,并发布了关注广泛社会重要性主题的咨询共识报告,例如生命科学中的两用研究、投票系统以及使用类器官和嵌合体的神经科学研究进展。CSTL 最具影响力的活动之一是执法和法院使用法医证据,重点是法医方法的科学有效性以及法医证词在实现正义中的作用。作为本特刊的共同编辑,CSTL 校友 Tom Albright 和 Jennifer Mnookin 招募了科学和法律交叉领域的文章,揭示了法医实践的新兴科学革命,我们希望这将吸引广大的科学家、法律学者和对基于科学的法律政策和司法改革感兴趣的公众。