Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil.
Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
Am J Ind Med. 2023 Dec;66(12):1090-1100. doi: 10.1002/ajim.23542. Epub 2023 Oct 4.
To investigate the association between occupation and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections within a Brazilian municipality.
In this test-negative study, cases and controls were randomly selected among individuals aged 18-65 years that were registered in a primary health care program in São Caetano do Sul, Brazil. Those who had collected samples for RT-PCR testing between April 2020 and May 2021 were randomly selected to compose the case (positive for SARS-CoV-2) and control (negative for SARS-CoV-2) groups, frequency-matched by sex, age group, and month of sample collection. Complementary data were collected through phone interviews. We estimated the residual effect of occupation on SARS-CoV-2 infection using multiple conditional logistic regression models incrementally adjusted for confounding variables.
1724 cases and 1741 controls who reported being at work at the time of RT-PCR collection were included. Cases were mainly females (52.9%), Whites/Asians (73.3%), and unvaccinated against COVID-19 (46.6%). Compared to other university-level professionals, the highest odds of having COVID-19 were found for workers in police and protective services (odds ratio [OR] 2.21; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27-3.84), healthcare and caregiving (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.34-2.68), and food retail and production (OR 1.88; 95% CI = 1.14-3.11), after adjustment for age, sex, education, means of transport, household crowding, and COVID-19 vaccination.
Occupation played an important role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Food retail and production, health care and caregiving, and police and protective services showed the highest odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
调查巴西某城市职业与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染之间的关系。
在这项病例对照研究中，病例和对照是从巴西圣卡塔诺杜苏尔的初级保健计划中登记的 18-65 岁个体中随机选择的。那些在 2020 年 4 月至 2021 年 5 月期间采集了 RT-PCR 检测样本的人被随机选择组成病例（SARS-CoV-2 阳性）和对照（SARS-CoV-2 阴性）组，按性别、年龄组和样本采集月份进行频数匹配。通过电话访谈收集补充数据。我们使用逐步调整混杂因素的多条件逻辑回归模型估计职业对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的残余效应。
共纳入 1724 例病例和 1741 例对照，他们报告在 RT-PCR 采集时正在工作。病例主要为女性（52.9%）、白种人/亚洲人（73.3%）和未接种 COVID-19 疫苗（46.6%）。与其他大学水平的专业人员相比，警察和保护服务（优势比 [OR] 2.21；95%置信区间 [CI] 1.27-3.84）、医疗保健和护理（OR 1.90；95% CI 1.34-2.68）以及食品零售和生产（OR 1.88；95% CI 1.14-3.11）的工人发生 COVID-19 的可能性最高，在调整年龄、性别、教育程度、交通工具、家庭拥挤程度和 COVID-19 疫苗接种后。
职业在 SARS-CoV-2 感染中起重要作用。食品零售和生产、医疗保健和护理以及警察和保护服务显示出最高的 SARS-CoV-2 感染几率。
