Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute CAPHRI, FHML, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Department of Health Policy Management, Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
Eur J Public Health. 2024 Feb 5;34(1):52-58. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad171.
The 'WHO-ASPHER Roadmap to Professionalizing the Public Health Workforce in the European Region' provides recommendations for strategic and systematic workforce planning around professionalization levers including: (i) competencies, (ii) training and education, (iii) formal organization, (iv) professional credentialing and (v) code of ethics and professional conduct as well as taxonomy and enumeration. It was based on a literature review till 2016. This scoping review aims to explore how the professionalization was documented in the literature between 2016 and 2022.
Following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, we searched Medline via PubMed, Web of Science, ERIC via EBSCO and Google Scholar and included studies on professionalization levers. Four critical appraisal tools were used to assess qualitative, quantitative, mixed methods studies and grey literature. The PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was used for reporting.
Eleven articles included in this review spanned 61 countries, targeting undergraduate, master's, doctoral degrees and continuing professional development. Most of these documents were reviews. About half provided a definition of the public health workforce; more than half covered the taxonomy and included information about competences, but the use of frameworks was sporadic and inconsistent. Formal organization and the necessity of a code of conduct for the public health workforce were acknowledged in only two studies.
In spite of some efforts to professionalize the public health workforce, this process is fragmented and not fully recognized and supported. There is an urgent need to engage policymakers and stakeholders to prioritize investments in strengthening the public health workforce worldwide.
《世界卫生组织-卫生人力咨询组（WHO-ASPHER）在欧洲区域使公共卫生人力专业化的路线图》为围绕专业化杠杆的战略和系统人力规划提供了建议，包括：（一）能力；（二）培训和教育；（三）正式组织；（四）专业认证；（五）道德和职业行为规范以及分类和列举。该路线图基于 2016 年之前的文献综述。本范围综述旨在探讨 2016 年至 2022 年间，文献中如何记录专业化。
根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的指导方针，我们通过 PubMed 检索了 Medline、Web of Science、EBSCO 上的 ERIC 和 Google Scholar，并纳入了有关专业化杠杆的研究。使用了四个关键评估工具来评估定性、定量、混合方法研究和灰色文献。PRISMA-ScR 用于报告。
本综述共纳入了 11 篇文章，涵盖了 61 个国家，针对本科、硕士、博士学位和继续专业发展。这些文献大多是综述。大约一半的文献提供了公共卫生人力的定义；超过一半的文献涵盖了分类法，并包含了有关能力的信息，但框架的使用是零星和不一致的。只有两项研究承认正式组织和公共卫生人力行为规范的必要性。
尽管在使公共卫生人力专业化方面做出了一些努力，但这一过程仍然支离破碎，没有得到充分的认识和支持。迫切需要让政策制定者和利益相关者参与进来，优先投资于加强全球公共卫生人力。
