School of Psychology & Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
World Cancer Research Fund International, London, United Kingdom.
Appetite. 2023 Dec 1;191:107050. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107050. Epub 2023 Oct 2.
This study aimed to identify distinct eating behaviour profiles in young children and examine how other key predictors of children's eating behaviour, including child temperament, the experience of food insecurity, or parental feeding practices, may vary by identified profiles. An online survey was conducted with 995 parents/carers living in England and Wales (N = 995, Mage = 35.4 years, 80% female, 88% White). Participants reported on their child's eating behaviour using the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire and completed measures of child temperament, household food security and parental feeding practices. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was carried out to identify distinct eating profiles amongst the children (36-72 months, Mage = 48.8 months, 52% female). Four eating profiles emerged from the sample of children: (a) avid eating, (b) avoidant eating, (c) happy eating, and (d) typical eating. Avid eating (21.9% of children) was characterised by higher levels of food responsiveness, enjoyment of food, and emotional over-eating in combination with lower satiety responsiveness, slowness in eating and food fussiness. Children with an avid eating profile were reported to be more surgent and experienced greater food insecurity than all other eating profiles. Parents of children belonging to the avid eating profile showed significantly greater use of food for emotional regulation, varied and balanced food provision, restriction of food for health, and restriction of food for weight feeding practices than the three other eating profiles.
本研究旨在识别幼儿不同的进食行为特征，并探讨其他关键的儿童进食行为预测因素，如儿童气质、食物不安全感体验或父母喂养行为，如何因所识别的特征而有所不同。通过在线调查，对居住在英格兰和威尔士的 995 名家长/照顾者（N=995，Mage=35.4 岁，80%为女性，88%为白人）进行了研究。参与者使用儿童饮食行为问卷报告了他们孩子的饮食行为，并完成了儿童气质、家庭食物保障和父母喂养行为的测量。采用潜在剖面分析（LPA）对儿童（36-72 个月，Mage=48.8 个月，52%为女性）的不同进食特征进行了识别。从儿童样本中得出了四个进食特征：（a）贪吃，（b）厌食，（c）快乐进食，和（d）典型进食。贪吃（21.9%的儿童）的特点是食物反应性、对食物的享受和情绪性暴食更高，同时饱腹感反应性、进食速度慢和对食物的挑剔性较低。报告称，具有贪吃特征的儿童比其他所有进食特征的儿童更冲动，并且经历了更大的食物不安全感。属于贪吃特征的儿童的父母在使用食物进行情绪调节、提供多样和均衡的食物、为健康限制食物以及为体重限制食物方面的喂养行为显著高于其他三个进食特征。
