Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University Qishan Campus, College Town, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China.
J Transl Med. 2023 Oct 4;21(1):693. doi: 10.1186/s12967-023-04553-1.
Antibody technology is widely used in the fields of biomedical and clinical therapies. Nonetheless, the complex in vitro expression of recombinant proteins, long production cycles, and harsh storage conditions have limited their applications in medicine, especially in clinical therapies. Recently, this dilemma has been overcome to a certain extent by the development of mRNA delivery systems, in which antibody-encoding mRNAs are enclosed in nanomaterials and delivered to the body. On entering the cytoplasm, the mRNAs immediately bind to ribosomes and undergo translation and post-translational modifications. This process produces monoclonal or bispecific antibodies that act directly on the patient. Additionally, it eliminates the cumbersome process of in vitro protein expression and extends the half-life of short-lived proteins, which significantly reduces the cost and duration of antibody production. This review focuses on the benefits and drawbacks of mRNA antibodies compared with the traditional in vitro expressed antibodies. In addition, it elucidates the progress of mRNA antibodies in the prevention of infectious diseases and oncology therapy.
抗体技术广泛应用于生物医学和临床治疗领域。然而，重组蛋白的体外表达复杂、生产周期长、储存条件苛刻，限制了其在医学，尤其是临床治疗中的应用。最近，mRNA 递送系统的发展在一定程度上克服了这一困境，其中抗体编码的 mRNA 被包裹在纳米材料中并递送到体内。进入细胞质后，mRNA 立即与核糖体结合，并进行翻译和翻译后修饰。这一过程产生直接作用于患者的单克隆或双特异性抗体。此外，它消除了体外蛋白质表达的繁琐过程，并延长了短寿命蛋白质的半衰期，从而显著降低了抗体生产的成本和时间。本综述重点讨论了 mRNA 抗体与传统体外表达抗体相比的优缺点。此外，还阐述了 mRNA 抗体在预防传染病和肿瘤治疗方面的进展。
