Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
Psychol Med. 2023 Sep;53(12):5852-5860. doi: 10.1017/S0033291722003117. Epub 2022 Oct 18.
To explore the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between vitamin D and depressive symptoms across early adolescence.
This longitudinal study included 1607 early adolescents [mean (s.d.) age, 12.49 years; 972 (60.5%) males] from the Chinese Early Adolescents Cohort, recruited from a middle school in Anhui Province and followed up annually (2019-2021). Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured in both 2019 and 2021. Self-reports on depression were assessed at each of three time points from 2019 to 2021.
In the whole sample, higher baseline serum 25(OH)D levels were linked with a lower risk of cumulative incident depression within two-year follow-ups (adjusted RR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.94-0.99) and the increasing trajectory of depression symptoms across the three waves (adjusted RR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.95-0.99). Baseline vitamin D deficiency (VDD) (adjusted RR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.10-2.05) were associated with an increased risk for the increasing trajectory of depression symptoms across the three waves. Remitted VDD was positively related to one dichotomous depression symptoms across three waves (adjusted OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.15-4.01). The above-mentioned significant association was also found in males. Additionally, baseline VDD (adjusted OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.04-2.44) and persistent VDD (adjusted OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.02-2.60) were linked to an increased risk of having two dichotomous depression symptoms only in males.
Our results highlight a prospective association between baseline vitamin D and depression risk in early adolescents. Additionally, a male-specific association between vitamin D and depression risk was observed. Our findings support a potential beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation in reducing depression risk in early adolescents.
探讨青少年早期维生素 D 与抑郁症状的横断面和纵向关联。
本纵向研究纳入了来自安徽省一所中学的 1607 名青少年（平均[标准差]年龄 12.49 岁；972 名[60.5%]男性），于 2019-2021 年进行了每年一次的随访。在 2019 年和 2021 年分别测量了血清 25(OH)D 水平。在 2019 年至 2021 年的三个时间点，使用自我报告评估抑郁情况。
在整个样本中，较高的基线血清 25(OH)D 水平与两年随访期间累积发生抑郁的风险较低相关（调整 RR = 0.97，95%CI 0.94-0.99），且与三个波次的抑郁症状进展轨迹相关（调整 RR = 0.97，95%CI 0.95-0.99）。基线维生素 D 缺乏症（VDD）（调整 RR = 1.50，95%CI 1.10-2.05）与三个波次的抑郁症状进展轨迹增加相关。缓解 VDD 与三个波次中一个二分法抑郁症状呈正相关（调整 OR 2.15，95%CI 1.15-4.01）。上述显著关联在男性中也有发现。此外，基线 VDD（调整 OR 1.59，95%CI 1.04-2.44）和持续 VDD（调整 OR 1.58，95%CI 1.02-2.60）与男性中出现两个二分法抑郁症状的风险增加相关。
我们的研究结果突出了青少年早期基线维生素 D 与抑郁风险之间的前瞻性关联。此外，还观察到了维生素 D 与抑郁风险之间的男性特异性关联。我们的研究结果支持了维生素 D 补充在降低青少年早期抑郁风险方面的潜在有益作用。
