Rashid Parisa Tamannur, Hossain Md Jamal, Zahan Miss Sharmin, Hasan Choudhury Mahmood, Rashid Mohammad A, Al-Mansur Muhammad Abdullah, Haque Mohammad Rashedul
Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
Department of Pharmacy, East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2023 Sep 13;9(9):e20100. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20100. eCollection 2023 Sep.
The current study sought to examine the pharmacological potentials of crude methanolic extracts of and , as well as their various solvent fractionates, with a focus on cytotoxic, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities via and approaches. The extensive chromatographic and spectroscopic analyses confirmed and characterized two compounds as (±)-licarin B () and stigmasterol () from and , respectively. Petroleum ether soluble fraction of and the aqueous soluble fraction of showed the lowest 50% lethal concentrations (1.41 and 1.94 μg/mL, respectively) in brine shrimp bioassay. Likewise, petroleum ether soluble fraction of and aqueous soluble fraction of showed the highest thrombolytic activity with 46.66% and 50.10% lyses of the clot, respectively. The methanol and dichloromethane soluble fractions of reduced erythrocyte hemolysis by 64.03% and 37.08%, respectively, under hypotonic and heat-induced conditions, compared to 81.97% and 42.12% for standard acetylsalicylic acid. In antioxidant activity test, aqueous soluble fraction (IC = 7.22 μg/mL) revealed promising antioxidant potentialities in comparison to standard butylated hydroxytoluene (IC = 21.20 μg/mL). In antibacterial screening, chloroform, and dichloromethane soluble fractions of showed a mild antibacterial activity compared with the standard drug ciprofloxacin. Additionally, the molecular docking study corroborated the current findings, and the isolated two constituents had higher binding affinities toward epidermal growth factor receptor, tissue plasminogen activator, vFLIP-IKK gamma stapled peptide dimer, glutathione reductase, and dihydrofolate reductase enzyme than their corresponding standard drugs. In addition, the both isolated compounds exerted favorable pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) and toxicological profiles with drug-like qualities in computational-based ADMET and drug likeliness analyses. The current research suggests that both plants have potential as a natural treatment for treating thrombosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. However, more thorough research is required to thoroughly screen for phytochemicals and pinpoint the precise mechanisms of action of the bioactive metabolites derived from these plants against a broad range of molecular targets.
本研究旨在考察[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]甲醇粗提物及其不同溶剂分离物的药理潜力，重点通过[实验方法1]和[实验方法2]研究其细胞毒性、溶栓、膜稳定、抗氧化和抗菌活性。广泛的色谱和光谱分析分别从[植物名称1]和[植物名称2]中确认并鉴定出两种化合物，即(±)-里卡林B（[化合物1结构]）和豆甾醇（[化合物2结构]）。[植物名称1]的石油醚可溶部分和[植物名称2]的水可溶部分在卤虫生物测定中显示出最低的50%致死浓度（分别为1.41和1.94μg/mL）。同样，[植物名称1]的石油醚可溶部分和[植物名称2]的水可溶部分显示出最高的溶栓活性，凝块溶解率分别为46.66%和50.10%。在低渗和热诱导条件下，[植物名称1]的甲醇和二氯甲烷可溶部分分别使红细胞溶血降低了64.03%和37.08%，而标准乙酰水杨酸分别为81.97%和42.12%。在抗氧化活性测试中，[植物名称2]的水可溶部分（IC50 = 7.22μg/mL）与标准丁基羟基甲苯（IC50 = 21.20μg/mL）相比显示出有前景的抗氧化潜力。在抗菌筛选中，[植物名称1]的氯仿和二氯甲烷可溶部分与标准药物环丙沙星相比显示出轻度抗菌活性。此外，分子对接研究证实了当前的[实验]结果，并且分离出的两种成分对表皮生长因子受体、组织纤溶酶原激活剂、vFLIP-IKKγ订书肽二聚体、谷胱甘肽还原酶和二氢叶酸还原酶的结合亲和力高于其相应的标准药物。此外，在基于计算的ADMET和药物相似性分析中，两种分离出的化合物均具有良好的药代动力学（吸收、分布、代谢、排泄）和毒理学特征以及类药物性质。当前的研究表明，这两种植物都有作为治疗血栓形成、炎症和氧化应激的天然疗法的潜力。然而，需要更深入的研究来全面筛选植物化学物质，并确定这些植物衍生的生物活性代谢物针对广泛分子靶点的确切作用机制。
