Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
Food Funct. 2023 Oct 30;14(21):9606-9616. doi: 10.1039/d3fo02953k.
The rising incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has necessitated the search for safe and effective novel therapeutic strategies. Dietary flavonoids exhibited antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anticarcinogenic activities in several model systems with proven abilities to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, thus they could be promising therapeutic agents for IBD prevention/treatment. However, understanding the role of a specific class of compounds in foods that promote health is difficult because of the chemically complex food matrices. This study aimed to utilize four maize near-isogenic lines to determine the anti-colitis effects of specific classes of flavonoids, anthocyanins and/or phlobaphenes, in a whole-food matrix. Results showed that the intake of anthocyanin and phlobaphene-enriched maize diets effectively alleviated dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice reducing the intestinal permeability and restoring the barrier function. Anthocyanin diets were more effective in maintaining the crypt structure and muc2 protein levels and reducing inflammation. Bacterial communities of mice consuming diets enriched with anthocyanins and phlobaphenes were more similar to the healthy control compared to the DSS control group, suggesting the role of flavonoids in modulating the gut microbiota to retrieve intestinal homeostasis. Microbiota depletion rendered these compounds ineffective against colitis. Lower serum concentrations of several phenolic acids were detected in the microbiota-depleted mice, indicating that gut microbiota plays a role in flavonoid metabolism and bioavailability.
炎症性肠病（IBD）发病率的上升促使人们寻求安全有效的新型治疗策略。膳食类黄酮在多种模型系统中表现出抗氧化、抗增殖和抗癌活性，具有减轻炎症和氧化应激的能力，因此它们可能是治疗 IBD 的有前途的药物。然而，由于食物基质化学结构复杂，理解促进健康的特定食物类化合物的作用具有一定难度。本研究旨在利用四种玉米近等基因系，在全食物基质中确定特定类别的类黄酮（花色苷和/或原花色素）对结肠炎的防治作用。结果表明，摄入花色苷和原花色素富集的玉米饮食可有效缓解葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的结肠炎，降低肠道通透性并恢复屏障功能。花色苷饮食在维持隐窝结构和 muc2 蛋白水平以及减轻炎症方面更为有效。与 DSS 对照组相比，摄入富含花色苷和原花色素的饮食的小鼠的细菌群落与健康对照组更为相似，表明类黄酮在调节肠道微生物群以恢复肠道内稳态方面发挥作用。微生物群耗竭使这些化合物对结肠炎无效。在微生物群耗竭的小鼠中检测到几种酚酸的血清浓度降低，表明肠道微生物群在类黄酮代谢和生物利用度中发挥作用。
