University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology, Belgrade, Serbia.
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Statistic and Informatic, Belgrade, Serbia.
Noise Health. 2023 Jul-Sep;25(118):176-182. doi: 10.4103/nah.nah_27_23.
High levels of environmental noise may lead to psychological symptoms. The present study has hypothesized that personal listening device (PLD) use and a negative attitude to noise are significantly related to anxiety and/or depression.
This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 431 six-grade students (35% male) at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade. All students completed the questionnaires related to socio-demographic data, noise/music exposure habits, behaviors related to PLD use, tinnitus, headaches, consumption of alcohol, coffee, energy drinks and cigarettes, YANS (Youth Attitude to Noise Scale), CES-D (The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression), and GAD-7 (Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment - 7 item scale) questionnaires.
There were 396 (91.9%) of investigated students who used PLD, with more frequent use among girls compared to boys (95.0% and 86.8%, respectively; p = 0.002). We found no significant relationship between the frequency of PLD use and depression and anxiety. However, continuous daily PLD use longer than 1 hour was significantly and positively related to depression (p = 0.006). Students with depression had a lower total YANS score compared to those without depression, indicating a more negative attitude toward noise (p = 0.042). Students with no difficulties to concentrate in noise and with a positive attitude to daily noises had about 37% lower chance to suffer from depression and anxiety, respectively.
PLD use is common among medical students and may be associated with their mental health. Longer than 1 hour of continuous daily use of PLD may be positively related to depression. We also found a significant relationship between difficulties concentrating in noisy environments and depression, and between negative attitudes to daily noises and anxiety.
高水平的环境噪声可能会导致心理症状。本研究假设，个人听力设备（PLD）的使用和对噪声的消极态度与焦虑和/或抑郁显著相关。
这是一项横断面研究，在贝尔格莱德大学医学院的 431 名六年级学生（35%为男性）中进行。所有学生都完成了与社会人口统计学数据、噪声/音乐暴露习惯、与 PLD 使用相关的行为、耳鸣、头痛、酒精、咖啡、能量饮料和香烟消费、YANS（青年对噪声的态度量表）、CES-D（流行病学研究抑郁中心）和 GAD-7（广泛性焦虑障碍评估-7 项量表）问卷相关的问卷。
在所调查的学生中有 396 名（91.9%）使用过 PLD，女生比男生更频繁地使用 PLD（分别为 95.0%和 86.8%；p=0.002）。我们没有发现 PLD 使用频率与抑郁和焦虑之间存在显著关系。然而，每天连续使用 PLD 超过 1 小时与抑郁显著正相关（p=0.006）。患有抑郁的学生的 YANS 总分低于没有抑郁的学生，表明对噪声的态度更消极（p=0.042）。在噪声中难以集中注意力且对日常噪声持积极态度的学生，患抑郁和焦虑的几率分别降低约 37%。
PLD 的使用在医学生中很常见，可能与他们的心理健康有关。每天连续使用 PLD 超过 1 小时可能与抑郁呈正相关。我们还发现，在嘈杂环境中难以集中注意力与抑郁之间，以及对日常噪声的消极态度与焦虑之间存在显著关系。
