Trauma Research Unit Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Burn Center, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
PLoS One. 2020 Mar 19;15(3):e0230382. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230382. eCollection 2020.
People in the Netherlands are legally allowed to celebrate New Year's Eve with consumer fireworks. The aim of this study was to provide detailed information about the patient and injury characteristics, medical and societal costs, and clinical and functional outcome in patients with injuries resulting from this tradition.
A multicenter, prospective, observational case series performed in the Southwest Netherlands trauma region, which reflects 15% of the country and includes a level I trauma center, a specialized burn center, a specialized eye hospital, and 13 general hospitals. All patients with any injury caused by consumer fireworks, treated at a Dutch hospital between December 1, 2017 and January 31, 2018, were eligible for inclusion. Exclusion criteria were unknown contact information or insufficient understanding of Dutch or English language. The primary outcome measure was injury characteristics. Secondary outcome measures included treatment, direct medical and indirect societal costs, and clinical and functional outcome until one year after trauma.
54 out of 63 eligible patients agreed to participate in this study. The majority were males (N = 50; 93%), 50% were children below 16 years of age, and 46% were bystanders. Injuries were mainly located to the upper extremity or eyes, and were mostly burns (N = 38; 48%) of partial thickness (N = 32; 84%). Fifteen (28%) patients were admitted and 11 (20%) patients needed surgical treatment. The mean total costs per patient were €6,320 (95% CI €3,400 to €9,245). The most important cost category was hospital admission. Only few patients reported complaints in patient-reported quality of life and functional outcome after 12 months follow-up.
This study found that young males are most vulnerable for fireworks injuries and that most injuries consist of burns, located to the arm and hand, and eye injuries. On the long-term only few patients experienced reduced quality of life and functional limitations.
荷兰法律允许人们在新年前夕合法燃放烟花。本研究的目的是提供有关因这种传统而受伤的患者和损伤特征、医疗和社会成本以及临床和功能结局的详细信息。
在荷兰西南部创伤地区进行了一项多中心、前瞻性、观察性病例系列研究，该地区反映了该国的 15%，包括一个一级创伤中心、一个专门的烧伤中心、一个专门的眼科医院和 13 家综合医院。所有在 2017 年 12 月 1 日至 2018 年 1 月 31 日期间在荷兰医院接受任何因烟花引起的损伤的患者均有资格入选。排除标准为无法联系或对荷兰语或英语的理解不足。主要结局指标是损伤特征。次要结局指标包括治疗、直接医疗和间接社会成本以及创伤后一年的临床和功能结局。
63 名符合条件的患者中有 54 名同意参加这项研究。大多数是男性（N=50；93%），50%是 16 岁以下的儿童，46%是旁观者。损伤主要位于上肢或眼部，主要是烧伤（N=38；48%），其中 32 例（84%）为部分厚度。15 名（28%）患者住院，11 名（20%）患者需要手术治疗。每位患者的平均总费用为 6320 欧元（95%置信区间 3400 欧元至 9245 欧元）。最重要的费用类别是住院费用。只有少数患者在 12 个月随访后报告生活质量和功能结局存在抱怨。
本研究发现，年轻男性最容易受到烟花伤害，大多数损伤是烧伤，位于手臂和手部，以及眼部损伤。长期来看，只有少数患者经历生活质量下降和功能受限。
