Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey.
Anat Histol Embryol. 2024 Jan;53(1):e12983. doi: 10.1111/ahe.12983. Epub 2023 Oct 11.
Stereology is a discipline that allows us to obtain quantitative information about the geometric structure of three-dimensional objects. In this study, the volume of grey matter (GM), white matter (WM), and lateral ventricle (LV) of the cerebral hemispheres (CH) in sheep and goats were calculated. For this purpose, six healthy male sheep and goat brains (1-2 years old) without any anomaly were used. Brains were fixed with 10% formaldehyde in the skull. The skull was opened using standard anatomical dissection methods, and the brains were carefully removed. Brain weight and volume were measured (using Archimedes' principle) after the meninges were removed. The cerebral hemispheres were separated from the other parts of the brain by a section made in front of the rostral colliculus. In the same way, the weight and volume of the cerebral hemispheres were measured. Afterward, the cerebral hemispheres were blocked with agar, and transversal cross sections (from rostral to caudal) with an average thickness of 3.42 mm were taken from the cerebral hemispheres. Grey matter was stained with Berlin blue macroscopic staining method. The stained cross sections were scanned at 600 dpi resolution, and a point counting grid was placed on the images with the ImageJ software. Cavalieri's principle calculated the surface area and volume measurements of the grey matter, white matter, and lateral ventricle. GM, WM, and LV volumes in sheep and goat cerebral hemispheres were calculated as 54.94, 21.48 and 3.06 mL in sheep, 57.46, 24.13 and 3.12 mL in goats, respectively. The percentages of these structures in the total hemisphere volume were 71.83%, 28.17% and 4.00% in sheep, 70.42%, 29.58% and 3.82% in goats, respectively. Asymmetry was not observed in cerebral hemispheres in both species. A difference was found in the WM, LV and LV: CH ratios in the right/left comparison of the goat (p < 0.05). In comparing sheep and goats, a significant difference was observed in WM right, WM left, WM total, CH left and CH total (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the cerebral hemispheres' grey matter and white matter ratio are frequently used to diagnose neurodegenerative diseases. In recent years, the increase in neurodegenerative disease models in farm animals has been enormous. It is thought that these values obtained from healthy animals in the current study will be important for such experimental studies in the future.
体视学是一门允许我们获取三维物体几何结构定量信息的学科。在这项研究中，我们计算了绵羊和山羊大脑半球（CH）的灰质（GM）、白质（WM）和侧脑室（LV）的体积。为此，我们使用了 6 只健康的雄性绵羊和山羊（1-2 岁）的大脑，这些大脑没有任何异常。大脑用 10%甲醛在颅骨中固定。使用标准解剖学解剖方法打开颅骨，小心地取出大脑。在去除脑膜后，使用阿基米德原理测量大脑重量和体积。通过在颅前丘前进行的切片将大脑半球与大脑的其他部分分开。以同样的方式测量大脑半球的重量和体积。然后，用琼脂将大脑半球阻断，并从大脑半球上取 3.42mm 平均厚度的横断切片。用柏林蓝宏观染色法对灰质进行染色。将染色的切片以 600dpi 的分辨率扫描，并在 ImageJ 软件上的图像上放置一个点计数网格。Cavalieri 原理计算了灰质、白质和侧脑室的表面积和体积测量值。绵羊大脑半球的 GM、WM 和 LV 体积分别为 54.94、21.48 和 3.06mL，山羊大脑半球的 GM、WM 和 LV 体积分别为 57.46、24.13 和 3.12mL。这些结构在半球总容积中的百分比分别为绵羊的 71.83%、28.17%和 4.00%，山羊的 70.42%、29.58%和 3.82%。在这两个物种中，大脑半球没有观察到不对称性。在山羊的右/左比较中，WM、LV 和 LV：CH 比值存在差异（p<0.05）。在比较绵羊和山羊时，WM 右、WM 左、WM 总、CH 左和 CH 总均存在显著差异（p<0.05）。总之，大脑半球的灰质和白质比率常用于诊断神经退行性疾病。近年来，农场动物的神经退行性疾病模型数量急剧增加。我们认为，在未来的此类实验研究中，从本研究中健康动物获得的这些值将非常重要。
