Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Economic Analysis, Faculty of Economics, Complutense University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
PLoS One. 2023 Oct 12;18(10):e0292752. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292752. eCollection 2023.
Air pollution is one of the most severe environmental problems that Mexico is currently facing. The objective of this paper is to quantify the most relevant socioeconomic driving forces behind air polluting emissions and, more specifically, 7 local pollutants in Mexico. We do so in a multilevel version of the Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence and Technology (STIRPAT) model that accounts for the spatial heterogeneity at the municipal level across the country. The results show that the most relevant variables to determine the emissions of atmospheric pollutants are the population, the harvested area and the number of cars, while technological development helps to mitigate such emissions. The ecological elasticities are, in all cases, smaller than one. Our purpose is to provide quantitative information about these socioeconomic driving forces of air deterioration as a basis to establish some recommendations for environmental policy decision-making.
空气污染是墨西哥目前面临的最严重的环境问题之一。本文的目的是量化导致空气污染物排放的最重要的社会经济驱动因素，更具体地说，是墨西哥的 7 种本地污染物。我们在考虑到全国各城市层面空间异质性的随机影响回归人口、富裕和技术（STIRPAT）模型的多层版本中做到了这一点。结果表明，决定大气污染物排放的最相关变量是人口、收获面积和汽车数量，而技术发展有助于减轻这些排放。在所有情况下，生态弹性都小于 1。我们的目的是提供有关这些导致空气质量恶化的社会经济驱动因素的定量信息，以此作为制定环境政策决策的基础。
