Department of Physician Assistant Studies, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, College of Medicine, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an City, China.
Med Princ Pract. 2023;32(6):369-378. doi: 10.1159/000534534. Epub 2023 Oct 12.
Nrf2/BACH1/HO-1 proteins have been implicated in the development and progression of tumors. However, their clinical relevance in breast cancer remains unclear and understudied. This study evaluated Nrf2/BACH1/HO-1 protein expression and its relationship with age, tumor grade, tumor stage, TNM, ER, PR, HER2, and histologic type.
114 female breast cancer and 30 noncancerous tissues were evaluated for Nrf2/BACH1/HO-1 protein expression using immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The relationships between the expression and clinicopathologic factors were assessed using the χ2 test.
74% of the cancerous samples had high Nrf2 protein expression, and 26% of them had low Nrf2 protein expression. Regarding the non-cancer samples, 43% had high Nrf2 protein expression and 57% had low Nrf2 protein expression (p < 0.002). 39% of the cancerous samples had high BACH1 protein expression, and 61% had low BACH1 protein expression. For the non-cancer samples, 80% had high BACH1 protein expression and 20% had low BACH1 protein expression (p < 0.031). 67% of the cancerous samples had high HO-1 protein expression, and 33% had low HO-1 protein expression. However, for the non-cancer samples, 17% of them had high HO-1 protein expression and 83% had low HO-1 protein expression (p < 0.001). The expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 significantly correlated with tumor grade, while BACH1 was significantly associated with tumor stage (p < 0.05).
Nrf2, BACH1, and HO-1 could be explored as a biomarker for cancer stage, progression, and prognosis.
Nrf2/BACH1/HO-1 蛋白已被牵涉到肿瘤的发生和进展中。然而，其在乳腺癌中的临床相关性仍不清楚且研究不足。本研究评估了 Nrf2/BACH1/HO-1 蛋白表达及其与年龄、肿瘤分级、肿瘤分期、TNM、ER、PR、HER2 和组织学类型的关系。
使用免疫组织化学和 Western blot 检测 114 例女性乳腺癌和 30 例非癌组织中 Nrf2/BACH1/HO-1 蛋白的表达。使用 χ2 检验评估表达与临床病理因素之间的关系。
74%的癌组织样本中 Nrf2 蛋白表达较高，而 26%的癌组织样本中 Nrf2 蛋白表达较低。对于非癌样本，43%的样本中 Nrf2 蛋白表达较高，57%的样本中 Nrf2 蛋白表达较低（p < 0.002）。39%的癌组织样本中 BACH1 蛋白表达较高，而 61%的癌组织样本中 BACH1 蛋白表达较低。对于非癌样本，80%的样本中 BACH1 蛋白表达较高，而 20%的样本中 BACH1 蛋白表达较低（p < 0.031）。67%的癌组织样本中 HO-1 蛋白表达较高，而 33%的癌组织样本中 HO-1 蛋白表达较低。然而，对于非癌样本，17%的样本中 HO-1 蛋白表达较高，而 83%的样本中 HO-1 蛋白表达较低（p < 0.001）。Nrf2 和 HO-1 的表达与肿瘤分级显著相关，而 BACH1 与肿瘤分期显著相关（p < 0.05）。
Nrf2、BACH1 和 HO-1 可作为癌症分期、进展和预后的生物标志物进行探索。
