Barcellini Amelia, Fodor Andrei, Charalampopoulou Alexandra, Cassani Chiara, Locati Laura Deborah, Cioffi Raffaella, Bergamini Alice, Pignata Sandro, Orlandi Ester, Mangili Giorgia
Radiation Oncology Unit, Clinical Department, CNAO National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Sep 30;15(19):4817. doi: 10.3390/cancers15194817.
Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) includes several rare malignant diseases occurring after pregnancy: invasive moles, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumours, and epithelioid trophoblastic tumours. Multidisciplinary protocols including multi-agent chemotherapy, surgery, and occasionally radiotherapy achieve good outcomes for some high-risk metastatic patients. In this narrative review of the published studies on the topic, we have tried to identify the role of radiotherapy. The available studies are mainly small, old, and retrospective, with incomplete data regarding radiotherapy protocols delivering low doses (which can make this disease appear radioresistant in some cases despite high response rates with palliative doses) to wide fields (whole-brain, whole-liver, etc.), which can increase toxicity. Studies considering modern techniques are needed to overcome these limitations and determine the full potential of radiotherapy beyond its antihemorrhagic and palliative roles.
妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤（GTN）包括几种妊娠后发生的罕见恶性疾病：侵袭性葡萄胎、绒毛膜癌、胎盘部位滋养细胞肿瘤和上皮样滋养细胞肿瘤。多学科方案，包括多药化疗、手术，偶尔还有放疗，对一些高危转移患者取得了良好的治疗效果。在对该主题已发表研究的这篇叙述性综述中，我们试图确定放疗的作用。现有的研究主要规模小、年代久且为回顾性研究，关于低剂量（尽管姑息剂量有高缓解率，但在某些情况下这可能使该疾病看似对放疗耐药）至大野（全脑、全肝等）放疗方案的数据不完整，这可能会增加毒性。需要开展考虑现代技术的研究以克服这些局限性，并确定放疗在其止血和姑息作用之外的全部潜力。
