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一项针对精神障碍临床样本中非难民移民和本土出生个体的 PTSD 和创伤性事件发生率的比较:病例对照研究。

A comparison of PTSD and traumatic event rates in a clinical sample of non-refugee immigrants and native-born individuals with a psychotic disorder: a case-control study.

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Mental Health Institute Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.

出版信息

Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2023;14(2):2263151. doi: 10.1080/20008066.2023.2263151. Epub 2023 Oct 17.

Abstract

Migration is a multi-stage social process linked to traumatic event exposure and a notably increased risk of psychosis. Although these conditions affect refugee and non-refugee immigrants, prior trauma research has focused mainly on the refugee population. To compare and describe the rate and the clinical characterization of PTSD and traumatic events between non-refugee immigrants and native-born individuals with psychotic disorder. 99 immigrants and 99 native-born individuals ( = 198) with at least one psychotic episode according to DSM-5 criteria were compared on the rate of PTSD diagnosis and traumatic events, using standardized and validated trauma scales. In the non-refugee immigrant group, 31% met diagnostic criteria for PTSD compared to only 7.1% in the native-born group. Total scores in childhood trauma and last year stressful events were 1.5 and 2 times higher in non-refugee immigrants, respectively. Likewise, cumulative lifetime trauma was three times higher in non-refugee immigrants. Finally, non-refugee immigrants reported more violent and life-threatening traumatic events than native-born individuals. These results are relevant since they highlight that non-refugee immigrants with psychotic disorders are highly trauma-exposed, meaning a routine trauma assessment and a trauma-focused intervention for this population should be included in individualized treatment plans.

摘要

移民是一个多阶段的社会过程,与创伤性事件的暴露有关,并显著增加患精神病的风险。尽管这些情况影响了难民和非难民移民,但之前的创伤研究主要集中在难民人口上。为了比较和描述非难民移民和本土出生的精神病患者的 PTSD 和创伤事件的发生率和临床特征。 根据 DSM-5 标准,比较了至少有一次精神病发作的 99 名移民和 99 名本土出生者( = 198)的 PTSD 诊断和创伤事件发生率,使用了标准化和验证过的创伤量表。在非难民移民群体中,31%符合 PTSD 的诊断标准,而在本土出生群体中这一比例仅为 7.1%。在非难民移民中,儿童期创伤和去年应激事件的总分分别高出 1.5 倍和 2 倍。同样,非难民移民一生中经历的创伤总和是难民移民的三倍。最后,非难民移民报告的创伤性事件比本土出生者更暴力和威胁生命。这些结果是相关的,因为它们强调了患有精神病的非难民移民受到高度创伤,这意味着针对这一人群的常规创伤评估和以创伤为中心的干预措施应纳入个体化治疗计划。

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