Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Gehrke Proteomics Center, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Plant Physiol. 2024 Feb 29;194(3):1358-1369. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiad557.
The complexity of environmental factors affecting crops in the field is gradually increasing due to climate change-associated weather events, such as droughts or floods combined with heat waves, coupled with the accumulation of different environmental and agricultural pollutants. The impact of multiple stress conditions on plants was recently termed "multifactorial stress combination" (MFSC) and defined as the occurrence of 3 or more stressors that impact plants simultaneously or sequentially. We recently reported that with the increased number and complexity of different MFSC stressors, the growth and survival of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings declines, even if the level of each individual stress is low enough to have no significant effect on plants. However, whether MFSC would impact commercial crop cultivars is largely unknown. Here, we reveal that a MFSC of 5 different low-level abiotic stresses (salinity, heat, the herbicide paraquat, phosphorus deficiency, and the heavy metal cadmium), applied in an increasing level of complexity, has a significant negative impact on the growth and biomass of a commercial rice (Oryza sativa) cultivar and a maize (Zea mays) hybrid. Proteomics, element content, and mixOmics analyses of MFSC in rice identified proteins that correlate with the impact of MFSC on rice seedlings, and analysis of 42 different rice genotypes subjected to MFSC revealed substantial genetic variability in responses to this unique state of stress combination. Taken together, our findings reveal that the impacts of MFSC on 2 different crop species are severe and that MFSC may substantially affect agricultural productivity.
由于气候变化相关的天气事件（如干旱或洪水加上热浪），以及不同的环境和农业污染物的积累，影响田间作物的环境因素的复杂性逐渐增加。最近，人们将多种胁迫条件对植物的影响称为“多因素胁迫组合”（MFSC），并将其定义为同时或相继发生 3 种或更多种影响植物的胁迫源。我们最近报告称，随着不同 MFSC 胁迫源数量和复杂性的增加，拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）幼苗的生长和存活下降，即使每个单独的胁迫源的水平低到不足以对植物产生显著影响。然而，MFSC 是否会影响商业作物品种还知之甚少。在这里，我们揭示了 5 种不同的低水平非生物胁迫（盐度、热、除草剂百草枯、磷缺乏和重金属镉）的 MFSC，以越来越复杂的水平施加，对商业水稻（Oryza sativa）品种和玉米（Zea mays）杂交种的生长和生物量有显著的负面影响。MFSC 在水稻中的蛋白质组学、元素含量和 mixOmics 分析鉴定出与 MFSC 对水稻幼苗影响相关的蛋白质，对 42 个不同的水稻基因型进行 MFSC 分析揭示了对这种独特的胁迫组合的响应存在大量遗传变异。总之，我们的研究结果表明，MFSC 对 2 种不同作物的影响是严重的，并且 MFSC 可能会严重影响农业生产力。
